Experimental evaluation of gamma radiation shielding characteristics of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Tungsten oxide composite: A comparison study of micro and nano sizes of the fillers

Hosseini, Mohammad Amin; Malekie, Shahryar; Kazemi, Firozeh

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2021.166214

Cited by 29 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The analysis was conducted for composites with 100 and 500 phr at two different magnifications. Cube‐shaped tungsten microparticles (<10 μm) were observed in the polymer matrix of all composites 16 . Both S30 and S40 exhibited distinct patterns of fracture, dispersion, and interfacial adhesion at 100 phr.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Cubeshaped tungsten microparticles (<10 μm) were observed in the polymer matrix of all composites. 16 Both S30 and S40 exhibited distinct patterns of fracture, dispersion, and interfacial adhesion at 100 phr. S40 exhibited brittle fracture, whereas S30 exhibited ductile failure with no impression of fracture morphology.…”

Section: X-ray Transmission Post-irradiation Thermal Management and F...mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Stress relaxation and thermal management in highly filled flexible styrene butadiene styrene copolymer‐tungsten composites for high‐energy radiation attenuation

et al. 2023

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A high loading of high‐density and high‐atomic‐number fillers are necessary to obtain desirable X‐ray attenuation characteristics from radiation shields. However, at high filler loadings, the mechanical and viscoelastic properties of polymers are severely impaired, posing a long‐term threat to the mechanical integrity and radiation protection, and the radiation shield temperature may increase after prolonged exposure to ionizing radiation, accelerating the aging of the polymer matrix. In addition, inadequate thermal conduction can make the user uncomfortable while using radiation shields for personal protection. Unfortunately, little attention has been paid to the viscoelastic, stress relaxation, and thermal conductivity‐related features of these densely loaded systems, despite the significant effect of these parameters on long‐term applications and user compliance. In the present work, two different styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) copolymers were used to develop SBS‐tungsten (W) composites. At 500 phr W loading, significant attenuation of X‐rays was achieved along with good tensile strength and elongation at break. The results indicate that the concentration of styrene in the SBS and W loading substantially affected the attenuation, mechanical and rheological properties, and tensile stress relaxation rates. The thermal conductivity increased by >100%, and after gamma irradiation, faster cooling was observed in the W‐loaded composites beyond 300 phr of W loading. The 40% styrene composite demonstrated superior heat transfer at high W loadings owing to the better dispersion and distribution of the W filler in the SBS matrix. Rheological results showed that SBS‐W composites with 30% styrene had a more pronounced Payne effect than those with 40% styrene. Stress relaxation and morphological analyses also revealed changes in the W dispersion in the SBS matrix depending on the styrene content.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: X-ray Transmission Post-irradiation Thermal Management and F...mentioning

confidence: 98%

Stress relaxation and thermal management in highly filled flexible styrene butadiene styrene copolymer‐tungsten composites for high‐energy radiation attenuation

et al. 2023

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“…Three primary critical radiation shielding parameters, the HVL, the TVL, and the MFP have been researched in correlation to the radiation shielding capabilities of micro- and nano-structured composites 67 . Figure 10 displays the HVL, TVL, and MFP at different energies ranging from 0.0595 MeV to 1.408 MeV.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attenuation properties of poly methyl methacrylate reinforced with micro/nano ZrO2 as gamma-ray shields

Alabsy,

Abbas,

El-khatib

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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This research aimed to examine the radiation shielding properties of unique polymer composites for medical and non-medical applications. For this purpose, polymer composites, based on poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) as a matrix, were prepared and reinforced with micro- and nanoparticles of ZrO2 fillers at a loading of 15%, 30%, and 45% by weight. Using the high purity germanium (HPGe) detector, the suggested polymer composites’ shielding characteristics were assessed for various radioactive sources. The experimental values of the mass attenuation coefficients (MAC) of the produced composites agreed closely with those obtained theoretically from the XCOM database. Different shielding parameters were estimated at a broad range of photon energies, including the linear attenuation coefficient (μ), tenth value layer (TVL), half value layer (HVL), mean free path (MFP), effective electron density (Neff), effective atomic number (Zeff), and equivalent atomic number (Zeq), as well as exposure buildup factor (EBF) and energy absorption buildup factor (EABF) to provide more shielding information about the penetration of γ-rays into the chosen composites. The results showed that increasing the content of micro and nano ZrO2 particles in the PMMA matrix increases μ values and decreases HVL, TVL, and MFP values. P-45nZ sample with 45 wt% of ZrO2 nanoparticles had the highest μ values, which varied between 2.6546 and 0.0991 cm−1 as γ-ray photon energy increased from 0.0595 to 1.408 MeV, respectively. Furthermore, the highest relative increase rate in μ values between nano and micro composites was 17.84%, achieved for the P-45nZ sample at 59.53 keV. These findings demonstrated that ZrO2 nanoparticles shield radiation more effectively than micro ZrO2 even at the same photon energy and filler wt%. Thus, the proposed nano ZrO2/PMMA composites can be used as effective shielding materials to lessen the transmitted radiation dose in radiation facilities.

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“…Under extreme strain conditions, they typically deform [11,12]. Our understanding of the relationship between the structure of the polymers and their properties has supplemented the major advancements in polymer research during the last few years [13,14]. Because of their desirable qualities, including durability, transparency, flexibility, ease of synthesis, and capacity to produce electrical and thermal resistance, polymers are the perfect materials for a wide range of industrial applications [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study Attenuation Parameters and Physical Properties of Silicone Rubber Reinforced with Nano- and Micro-Sized Aluminum Oxide Composites

El-Khatib,

Elesh,

Hamada

et al. 2024

Silicon

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Theoretical and practical research has been done on reinforced polymer composites, a more recent type of improved shielding material. This study examined the protective qualities of silicone rubber packed with nano- and micro-sized Al2O3. Aspects like the effective atomic number, mean free path, linear attenuation coefficient, and mass attenuation coefficient are used to evaluate these shielding materials. In terms of weight percentage and size, Al2O3 particles have been used to reinforce silicone rubber. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV visible spectrometer, thermal analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy have been investigated. The results show that aluminum oxide nanoparticles have a more homogeneous distribution within the samples than micro aluminum oxide particles, which is due to the fact that nanoparticles have a very large surface area-to-volume ratio when compared to the same material in bulk. As a result, the sample containing 40% by weight of nano Al2O3 has the largest attenuation coefficient value and the lowest half value layer (HVL), tenth value layer (TVL), and mean free path (MFP) values. Finally, it can be concluded that the sample containing nano Al2O3 can be utilized to create an innovative and versatile silicone rubber material. This material holds great potential for the manufacturing of gloves and protective jackets, specifically designed for radiation and nuclear shielding applications.

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Experimental evaluation of gamma radiation shielding characteristics of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Tungsten oxide composite: A comparison study of micro and nano sizes of the fillers

Cited by 29 publications

References 21 publications

Stress relaxation and thermal management in highly filled flexible styrene butadiene styrene copolymer‐tungsten composites for high‐energy radiation attenuation

Stress relaxation and thermal management in highly filled flexible styrene butadiene styrene copolymer‐tungsten composites for high‐energy radiation attenuation

Attenuation properties of poly methyl methacrylate reinforced with micro/nano ZrO2 as gamma-ray shields

Study Attenuation Parameters and Physical Properties of Silicone Rubber Reinforced with Nano- and Micro-Sized Aluminum Oxide Composites

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