Experimental evaluation of chemical systems for CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; capture by CaO in eutectic CaF&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-CaCl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;

Nygård, Heidi S.; Hansen, Maria; Alhaj-Saleh, Yasen; Palimąka, Piotr; Pietrzyk, S.; Olsen, Espen

doi:10.3934/energy.2019.5.619

Cited by 7 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The absorption characteristics are in accordance with previous work with the same melt, with high absorption (i.e., low levels of CO 2 in the outlet gas) in the beginning of the experiment. This has been attributed to CaO being above the solubility limit and hence existing in the form of dispersed solid in the melt, in addition to the formed CaCO 3 being continuously dissolved in the melt and thus avoiding a carbonate layer hindrance . As carbonation (eq ) proceeds, the reaction slows down (i.e., higher levels of CO 2 are observed in the outlet gas).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nickel as crucible material has shown most resistance to corrosion in our previous work with CaO–CaF 2 –CaCl 2 -based systems. ,, When SO 2 is introduced in the system, possible reactions between the gas and the reactor material must be considered. It is known that SO 2 has a higher reactivity with nickel compared to other metals, , but no significant amounts of oxidation were observed on the crucibles after the experiments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This has been attributed to CaO being above the solubility limit and hence existing in the form of dispersed solid in the melt, 31 in addition to the formed CaCO 3 being continuously dissolved in the melt and thus avoiding a carbonate layer hindrance. 13 As carbonation (eq 1) proceeds, the reaction slows down (i.e., higher levels of CO 2 are observed in the outlet gas). It should be noted that higher absorption efficiencies are observed for higher CaO contents and lower reaction temperatures in this melt, 10,12,13 and the purpose of the present study is mainly to observe how SO 2 affects the performance at a given set of experimental conditions.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, CO 2 capture has been successfully demonstrated in a melt containing up to 40 wt % CaO. However, the practical limit has been found to be 30 wt % because of increased viscosities and slower reactions when the active substances are present substantially above their solubility limits …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the practical limit has been found to be 30 wt % because of increased viscosities and slower reactions when the active substances are present substantially above their solubility limits. 13 Before upscaling the CCMS technology, there is a need to validate the performance under more realistic flue gas compositions. Typical flue gases suitable for CCS mainly consist of N 2 , CO, CO 2 , H 2 O, O 2 , SO x , and NO x .…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of Sulfation of CaO and CaCO₃ in Eutectic CaF₂–CaCl₂

2022

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To achieve deep cuts in greenhouse gas emissions from stationary point sources such as carbon intensive industry and fossil power generation, carbon capture and storage (CCS) will be a necessity. Carbon capture in molten salts (CCMS) is an emerging technology with high potential. In CCMS, the reversible reaction between calcium oxide (CaO) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to form calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) is utilized, with the active substances being dissolved or partly dissolved in molten salts. CCMS has previously demonstrated promising properties for carbon capture with simulated flue gases on the laboratory scale. The next step in the technology development is to test the performance under more realistic gas compositions. In the present work, the focus is on sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and oxygen (O 2 ), a combination often coexisting with CO 2 in flue gases from power production or industry. Experiments have been performed to investigate indirect sulfation of CaO and direct sulfation of CaCO 3 in a eutectic mixture of calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ) and calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) because it is not known whether these are thermodynamically favored in the molten state. Simulated flue gases containing 0.5 vol % SO 2 and 3 vol % O 2 have been used. In addition, combined capture experiments with 14 vol % CO 2 and levels of SO 2 up to 0.5 vol % have been performed. The composition of the outlet gas from the reactor was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results indicate that both direct and indirect sulfation occur and that carbon capture is only slightly, but not significantly, inhibited in accordance with the level of SO 2 in the flue gas. Furthermore, it was shown that CO 2 capture in molten salts is possible at temperatures above the decomposition temperature for CaCO 3 in solid-state calcium looping. This is attributed to higher activities when the active substances are dissolved in molten salts. Based on experimental data and thermodynamic modeling, it was estimated that the ratio of activity coefficients for CaO and CaCO 3 is between 5 and 6 when dissolved in eutectic CaF 2 −CaCl 2 .

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of Sulfation of CaO and CaCO₃ in Eutectic CaF₂–CaCl₂

2022

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Sustainable Carbons and Fuels: Recent Advances of CO₂ Conversion in Molten Salts

Ren

et al. 2020

ChemSusChem

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Dedicated to Prof. Mingyuan He on the occasion of his 80th birthday. The massive release of the greenhouse gas CO 2 has resulted in numerous environmental issues. In searching for advanced technologies for CO 2 capture/conversions, recent advances in electrochemical reduction of CO 2 in molten salts shed a light on potential solutions to CO 2 mitigation. Electro-reduction of CO 2 in molten salts exhibits features like high selectivity and efficiency towards sustainable carbons and fuels, low toxicity, and possibility to combine with in situ CO 2 capture. In this Minireview, we highlight the tuning of the products in this process and mainly discuss two categories of electrolyte, carbonate-based molten salts (CMS) and those based on halides (HMS). Depending on the synthetic conditions, fuels such as CO or hydrocarbons (in the presence of hydrogen source, i. e., LiOH, NaOH, or KOH in the electrolyte) as well as high-value nanostructured carbons including carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, carbon nano-onions, and graphene can be obtained with high efficiency. The synthesis parameters are compared, and the applications of as-obtained carbons are briefly summarized. Additionally, some perspectives on this technology are also discussed. 2. CO 2 Conversion in Carbonate-Based Molten Salts 2.1. Fundamentals of carbonate molten salts Molten carbonates, including alkali metal and alkali earth metal carbonates, are commonly used as electrolytes for electrolysis [a] A

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Enhanced CO2 capture and reverse water gas shift reaction using CaO in NaCl-CaCl2 molten salt medium

Zhao,

Sun,

Wang

et al. 2024

Carbon Capture Science & Technology

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Experimental evaluation of chemical systems for CO<sub>2</sub> capture by CaO in eutectic CaF<sub>2</sub>-CaCl<sub>2</sub>

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Investigation of Sulfation of CaO and CaCO₃ in Eutectic CaF₂–CaCl₂

Investigation of Sulfation of CaO and CaCO₃ in Eutectic CaF₂–CaCl₂

Sustainable Carbons and Fuels: Recent Advances of CO₂ Conversion in Molten Salts

Enhanced CO2 capture and reverse water gas shift reaction using CaO in NaCl-CaCl2 molten salt medium

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Experimental evaluation of chemical systems for CO<sub>2</sub> capture by CaO in eutectic CaF<sub>2</sub>-CaCl<sub>2</sub>

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Investigation of Sulfation of CaO and CaCO3 in Eutectic CaF2–CaCl2

Investigation of Sulfation of CaO and CaCO3 in Eutectic CaF2–CaCl2

Sustainable Carbons and Fuels: Recent Advances of CO2 Conversion in Molten Salts

Enhanced CO2 capture and reverse water gas shift reaction using CaO in NaCl-CaCl2 molten salt medium

Contact Info

Product

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Investigation of Sulfation of CaO and CaCO₃ in Eutectic CaF₂–CaCl₂

Investigation of Sulfation of CaO and CaCO₃ in Eutectic CaF₂–CaCl₂

Sustainable Carbons and Fuels: Recent Advances of CO₂ Conversion in Molten Salts