Experimental evaluation of antifungal and antiseptic agents against <i>Rhodotorula</i> spp.

Preney, Laure; Théraud, Magali; Guiguen, Claude; Gangneux, Jean‐Pierre

doi:10.1046/j.0933-7407.2003.00930.x

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The 2 (1%) isolates of Rhodotorula glutinis showed a range of 6-13 mm of zone diameter to both fluconazole and voriconazole, which is consistent with other studies. [30][31][32][33] The germ tube method used to confirm C. albicans in this study, although accepted for non-sterile site isolates, is not sufficiently accurate when confirming these isolates as misidentifications are a distinct possibility, e.g. C. dubliniensis isolates might be misidentified as C. albicans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Antifungal susceptibility profile of yeast isolates from sterile sites at a tertiary hospital in South Africa

Makhado

Ismail

Dangor

et al. 2014

Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Antifungal susceptibility profile of yeast isolates from sterile sites at a tertiary hospital in South Africa

Makhado

Ismail

Dangor

et al. 2014

Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…Rhodotorula bloodstream infections have been successfully managed with line removal alone, antifungal therapy without line removal, and with a combination of these approaches (7,10). Regarding choice of antifungal therapy, previously reported data have shown amphotericin B and flucytosine (5-FC) to have good in vitro activities and fluconazole and the echinocandins to have poor in vitro activities (2,5,6,20,23). However, most reports describe fewer than 10 organisms, not all utilize standard NCCLS methodology, and only a few report data on the newer extended-spectrum triazoles (2,5,6,23).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Activities of Available and Investigational Antifungal Agents against Rhodotorula Species

Diekema¹,

Petroelje²,

Messer³

et al. 2005

J Clin Microbiol

106

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Rhodotorula species are emerging pathogens in immunocompromised patients. We report the in vitro activities of eight antifungals against 64 Rhodotorula isolates collected in surveillance programs between 1987 and 2003. Rhodotorula strains are resistant in vitro to fluconazole (MIC at which 50% of the isolates tested are inhibited [MIC 50 ], >128 g/ml) and caspofungin (MIC 50 , >8 g/ml). Amphotericin B (MIC 50, 1 g/ml) and flucytosine (MIC 50 , 0.12 g/ml) are both active in vitro, and the new and investigational triazoles all have some in vitro activity, with ravuconazole being the most active (MIC 50 , 0.25 g/ml).Rhodotorula species, yeasts that belong to the family Cryptococcaceae, have been increasingly recognized as important human pathogens (1, 4, 7, 8, 10-12, 14, 18, 21, 23). Immunocompromised patients, particularly those with central venous catheters or other indwelling devices, are at highest risk for infection (10,14,18). While Rhodotorula strains appear to be less virulent than the more common yeast pathogens such as Candida and Cryptococcus neoformans, Rhodotorula infection has been associated with a crude mortality of up to 15% (12) and can cause sepsis syndrome and other life-threatening complications (4, 10, 13). Rhodotorula bloodstream infections have been successfully managed with line removal alone, antifungal therapy without line removal, and with a combination of these approaches (7, 10). Regarding choice of antifungal therapy, previously reported data have shown amphotericin B and flucytosine (5-FC) to have good in vitro activities and fluconazole and the echinocandins to have poor in vitro activities (2,5,6,20,23). However, most reports describe fewer than 10 organisms, not all utilize standard NCCLS methodology, and only a few report data on the newer extended-spectrum triazoles (2,5,6,23).For these reasons, we decided to examine the in vitro activities of agents against over 60 Rhodotorula isolates we have collected as part of antifungal resistance surveillance surveys since the late 1980s, utilizing standardized NCCLS methods and including new and investigational antifungal agents. To our knowledge, this represents the largest collection of clinical Rhodotorula isolates for which susceptibility test results obtained by standard NCCLS methods have been reported.Sixty-four isolates of Rhodotorula were collected between 1987 and 2003 as part of several antifungal surveillance surveys (19). Sixty (94%) were human clinical isolates, the majority (n ϭ 36 [56%]) from bloodstream (n ϭ 28) or other sterile sites (n ϭ 8). All isolates were stored as suspensions in sterile distilled water at room temperature until used in the study.Prior to testing, each isolate was subcultured at least twice on potato dextrose agar plates (Remel, Lenexa, Kans.) to ensure purity and optimal growth. We confirmed species identification by using the Vitek and API yeast identification systems (bioMerieux, Inc., Hazelwood, Mo.) supplemented by conventional methods as needed (9). Voriconazole (Pfizer), fluconazole (Pfizer...

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“…Rhodotorula species are in general considered as safe for humans, although some species have been reported to cause opportunistic infections, especially in tropical and subtropical climates (Preney et al 2003). Rhodotorula has been used for the production of carotenes (Bhosale and Gadre 2001) and Naidu et al (1999) have clearly shown that oral feeding of frozen whole cells of Rhodotorula gracilis did not produce any toxic effects on male and female rats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot-scale production and liquid formulation of Rhodotorula minuta, a potential biocontrol agent of mango anthracnose

et al. 2005

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Aims: To develop a pilot-plant fermentation process for the production of the yeast Rhodotorula minuta, to be used as a biocontrol agent of mango anthracnose, using a low-cost culture medium. To develop a stable liquid formulation that preserve high viability of the yeast stored at 4°C. Methods and Results: Keeping constant the volumetric power input, a fermentation process was scaled-up from shake flasks to a 100 l bioreactor. Preharvest applications of the yeast resulted in postharvest anthracnose severity equal or lower than that observed with a chemical fungicide. Glycerol was added to the formulation as water activity reducer and xanthan gum as a viscosity-enhancing agent. Yeast initial concentration of 10 10 CFU mlresulted in 4-5 orders of magnitude decrease after 1 month of storage at 4°C, whereas when it was formulated at 10 9 CFU ml )1 , the decrease was of two orders of magnitude in 6 months. Conclusions:The fermentation process was successfully scaled-up using a low-cost culture medium. Postharvest anthracnose severity could be considerably reduced using this yeast. Formulating the yeast at 10 9 CFU ml )1and adding glycerol (20%) and xanthan (5 g l )1 ) avoided both contamination and yeast sedimentation and it was able to preserve up to 10 7 CFU ml )1 after 6 months at 4°C.Significance and Impact of the Study: The yeast R. minuta is reported as a novel antagonistic micro-organism against the pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Pilot plant production of this yeast allowed us to conduct field tests in commercial orchards during three harvest seasons. Yeast suspensions applied to mango trees reduced the fruit anthracnose severity in levels similar or better than chemical fungicides.

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Experimental evaluation of antifungal and antiseptic agents against Rhodotorula spp.

Cited by 18 publications

References 9 publications

Antifungal susceptibility profile of yeast isolates from sterile sites at a tertiary hospital in South Africa

Antifungal susceptibility profile of yeast isolates from sterile sites at a tertiary hospital in South Africa

Activities of Available and Investigational Antifungal Agents against Rhodotorula Species

Pilot-scale production and liquid formulation of Rhodotorula minuta, a potential biocontrol agent of mango anthracnose

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