Experimental evaluation of an autonomous low-temperature solar Rankine cycle system for reverse osmosis desalination

Manolakos, Dimitris; Papadakis, G.; Kyritsis, S.; Bouzianas, K.

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2006.04.018

Cited by 135 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…The peak expansion efficiency is high and fully justifies the efforts for replacing the casing and optimizing some expander parameters, although for most of the operating conditions this efficiency is in the range of 45e70% and similar to other reported values for scroll expanders of similar scale and temperature [9,14,20,34]. Also, the selection of the ZP series of expansion machine with low built-in volume ratio (about 2.8) seems to be ideal for the specific application [35,36], since the pressure ratio is restricted to values around 2 for the R-404A fluid.…”

Section: Scroll Expandermentioning

confidence: 65%

Experimental testing of a low-temperature organic Rankine cycle (ORC) engine coupled with concentrating PV/thermal collectors: Laboratory and field tests

Kosmadakis

Landelle

Lazova

et al. 2016

Energy

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b s t r a c tA detailed experimental investigation of a small-scale low-temperature organic Rankine cycle (ORC) with R-404A is presented. The tests are first conducted at laboratory conditions for detailed evaluation of the main components at both design and off-design conditions, for variable heat input up to 48 kW th and hot water temperature in the range of 65e100 C. A scroll compressor in reverse operation is used as expansion machine and a dedicated helical coil heat exchanger is installed, suitable for high-pressure and temperature operation. The ORC pump is a diaphragm pump coupled with an induction motor. The rotational speeds of both the expander and pump are regulated with frequency inverters, in order to have the full control of the engine operation. The ORC has been then connected with concentrating PV/ thermal collectors, which produce electricity and heat and provide it to the ORC. These field tests are also presented with the overall focus on the performance of the whole ORC unit and its power contribution to the solar field. The tests have revealed that such low-temperature ORC unit can have adequate efficiency and that its coupling with a solar field is feasible, increasing the power production of the whole system.

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Section: Scroll Expandermentioning

confidence: 65%

Experimental testing of a low-temperature organic Rankine cycle (ORC) engine coupled with concentrating PV/thermal collectors: Laboratory and field tests

Kosmadakis

Landelle

Lazova

et al. 2016

Energy

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“…Moreover, abundance of renewable energy sources such as solar radiation has led to take advantage of these potentials to produce fresh water. Rankine cycle and the small RO units to investigate their performances [18,19]. Since employing reverse osmosis unit is the most cost-effective among the other desalination technologies, Delgado and Rodriguez [20] explored solar thermal-driven reverse osmosis desalination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exergy analysis of a hydrogen and water production process by a solar-driven transcritical CO 2 power cycle with Stirling engine

Naseri

Bidi

Ahmadi

et al. 2017

Journal of Cleaner Production

110

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 A novel cogeneration plant including Stirling engine to produce water and hydrogen. A dynamic RO model including recovery turbine for different permeate flow rate. About 8% reduction in exergy destruction in the system using ideal Stirling engine. More electrical power production, higher than both LNG and CO 2 power cycle. Electrolyzer-based ZLD approach by employing electrolyzer beside RO desalination. ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT AbstractThis study attempts to go beyond the conventional framework of the integrated solar transcritical CO 2 power cycle works, aimed at further utilization of available exergy as much as possible. This paper proposed a novel system for hydrogen and fresh water production in which a Stirling engine used instead of a condenser, for the places with abundant access to solar radiation and sea, and least to freshwater sources. This proposal leads to further utilization of streams' exergy through the system instead of wasting to the environment, and further power production by the engine followed by the higher products. The electrolyzer employed beside Reverse Osmosis (RO) desalination system, and takes full advantages of highly concentrated brine stream of desalination, eliminating the wastewater rejection through proposed system leading to attaining a near-ZLD approach in fresh water and hydrogen production. This reduces the adverse impacts of desalination's wastewater on the environment. A thermodynamic and exergy analysis is carried out to compare the superiority of this study and investigate the effect of some key parameters on the overall performance of the system as well. The results showed that replacing the condenser by a Stirling engine reduces the exergy destruction through heat transfer from CO 2 to an LNG unit. Exergy destruction was reduced from 16.7% to 8.8% for the above configuration for an ideal Stirling engine that exploits it to produce extra power which its minimum is at least 9 kW and 15 kW higher than CO 2 and LNG power productions.Moreover, Entering RO brine stream, wasting 2.58 kW exergy, to the electrolyzer leads toNaClO and H 2 production besides removing brine stream. In a power plant, sodium hypochlorite is used for disinfection of cooling systems and hydrogen can be used as a source of energy in fuel cells. An examination of some thermodynamic factors showed that higher ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 2 CO 2 turbine inlet pressure has an optimum value in producing fresh water and hydrogen, while the higher CO 2 turbine inlet temperature slightly reduces the productions rate. The more recovery ratio also causes a sharp reduction in hydrogen production, whereas it has an optimum amount of fresh water production at recovery ratio equals to 0.47.

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“…An overall efficiency (solar to electricity) of 7.74% was obtained, with a collector efficiency of 57%. Manolakos et al (2007) studied a 2 kWe low-temperature solar ORC with R134a as working fluid and evacuated tube collectors: an overall efficiency below 4% was obtained. Wang et al (2010b) studied a 1.6 kWe solar ORC using a rolling piston expander.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and design optimization of a low-cost solar organic Rankine cycle for remote power generation

et al. 2011

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Recent interest in small-scale solar thermal combined heat and power (CHP) power systems has coincided with demand growth for distributed electricity supplies in areas poorly served by centralized power stations. One potential technical approach to meeting this demand is the parabolic trough solar thermal collector coupled with an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) heat engine.The paper describes the design of a solar organic Rankine cycle being installed in Lesotho for rural electrification purpose. The system consists of parabolic though collectors, a storages tank, and a small-scale ORC engine using scroll expanders.A model of each component is developed taking into account the main physical and mechanical phenomena occurring in the cycle and based on experimental data for the main key components.The model allows sizing the different components of the cycle and evaluates the performance of the system. Different working fluids are compared, and two different expansion machine configurations are simulated (single and double stage).

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Experimental evaluation of an autonomous low-temperature solar Rankine cycle system for reverse osmosis desalination

Cited by 135 publications

References 1 publication

Experimental testing of a low-temperature organic Rankine cycle (ORC) engine coupled with concentrating PV/thermal collectors: Laboratory and field tests

Experimental testing of a low-temperature organic Rankine cycle (ORC) engine coupled with concentrating PV/thermal collectors: Laboratory and field tests

Exergy analysis of a hydrogen and water production process by a solar-driven transcritical CO 2 power cycle with Stirling engine

Performance and design optimization of a low-cost solar organic Rankine cycle for remote power generation

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