Experimental evaluation of a Routing Protocol for WSNs: RPL robustness under study

Heurtefeux, Karel; Menouar, Hamid; Ali, Najah Abu

doi:10.1109/wimob.2013.6673404

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…RPL is known to generate a large number of packets when not tuned properly [11], [12], in part due to a constant instability of the preferred parent selection [13]. In fact, the protocol is in many respects overly complex, underspecified, and heavy as it adds overhead for each conveyed data packet while the RPL control packets themselves are excessively bulky.…”

Section: Background On Rplmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Comparison of Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensors Networks: Routing Overhead and Asymmetric Links

Audéoud

Heusse

2017

2017 29th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC 29)

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Abstract-RPL (the IETF Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks) and LRP (Lightweight Routing Protocol) have in common to build a collection tree (or, more precisely, a DODAG) and "downward" host routes in the wireless sensor network. Additionally, the objective of LRP is to keep control overhead as low as possible. To substantiate this claim, we compare RPL and LRP using 40 nodes of the IoT-LAB testbed -and the results are telling.We then introduce asymmetric links, which are unavoidable in most deployments, and measure their impact on the considered protocols in another set of experiments. We present the mechanisms that were introduced in LRP to deal with such cases and we report on extensive experiments involving RPL and LRP to analyze the behavior of both protocols when the links change or they exhibit asymmetry.

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Section: Background On Rplmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Comparison of Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensors Networks: Routing Overhead and Asymmetric Links

Audéoud

Heusse

2017

2017 29th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC 29)

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“…Multiple prior studies [11], [17]- [19] evaluated the performance of RPL in various scenarios and configurations, by tweaking its parameters i.e. DIO interval, Rank increase parameter, objective functions, etc, which play a vital role in its convergence time, control traffic overhead, and energy consumption.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy efficient green routing protocol for Internet of Multimedia Things

Alvi

Shah

Mahmood

2015

2015 IEEE Tenth International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing (ISSNIP)

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Internet of Things (IoT) envisions the notion of ubiquitous connectivity of 'everything'. However, the current research and development activities have been restricted to scalar sensor data based IoT systems, thus leaving a gap to benefit from services and application enabled by 'multimedia things' or Internet of Multimedia Things (IoMT). Moreover, a crucial issue for Information and Communication Technology (ICT) community is the steer increase in CO2 emissions, which mandates green communication to reduce energy consumption and carbon footprint emissions. Recently, IETF ROLL working group standardized an IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) for resource constrained devices. RPL builds a tree-like network topology based on some network metric optimization using RPL Objective Functions. Previous RPL implementations for scalar sensor data communication are not feasible for IoMT, since multimedia traffic pose distinct network requirements. The goal of this paper is to design an enhanced version of RPL for IoMT in which the sensed information is essentially provided by the multimedia devices. Our proposed RPL implementation minimizes carbon footprint emissions and energy consumption, along with the incorporation of application specific Quality of Service requirements. To evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme a simulation study is carried out in Cooja simulator for Contiki-OS, which suggests significant gains in terms of energy efficiency and delay.

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“…More recently, [10] conducted a study on 2 large WSN platforms. The behavior of RPL has been investigated in terms of delivery ratio, control packet overhead and dynamicity when nodes are removed or added to the network.…”

Section: A Performance Studies On Rplmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a recent protocol, RPL has not been fully and deeply studied and assessed [2], [9], [17], in particular on the security vulnerabilities. In a previous paper [10], we have shown that the RPL's logical structure, DODAG (Direction-Oriented Directed Acyclic Graph), is supported by only few nodes. This particular structure has been found to be sensitive to node failures and we believe, it could be also sensitive to physical attacks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing RPL Resilience Against Routing Layer Insider Attacks

Heurtefeux

Erdene-Ochir

Mohsin

et al. 2015

2015 IEEE 29th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications

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To gather and transmit data, low cost wireless devices are often deployed in open, unattended and possibly hostile environment, making them particularly vulnerable to physical attacks. Resilience is needed to mitigate such inherent vulnerabilities and risks related to security and reliability. In this paper, Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) is studied in presence of packet dropping malicious compromised nodes. Random behavior and data replication have been introduced to RPL to enhance its resilience against such insider attacks. The classical RPL and its resilient variants have been analyzed through Cooja simulations and hardware emulation. Resilient techniques introduced to RPL have enhanced significantly the resilience against attacks providing route diversification to exploit the redundant topology created by wireless communications. In particular, the proposed resilient RPL exhibits better performance in terms of delivery ratio (up to 40%), fairness and connectivity while staying energy efficient.1550-445X/15 $31.00

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Experimental evaluation of a Routing Protocol for WSNs: RPL robustness under study

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

Experimental Comparison of Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensors Networks: Routing Overhead and Asymmetric Links

Experimental Comparison of Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensors Networks: Routing Overhead and Asymmetric Links

Energy efficient green routing protocol for Internet of Multimedia Things

Enhancing RPL Resilience Against Routing Layer Insider Attacks

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