Experimental Evaluation of a Perspective Tunnel Display for Three-Dimensional Helicopter Approaches

Crunwald, Arthur J.; Robertson, James B.; Hatfield, J. J.

doi:10.2514/3.56119

Cited by 53 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The FPP allows a smooth anticipation of changes in the trajectory to be followed [1][2][3][4]13]. When using predictive guidance, the transition from one path to the other, already starts at the moment the predictor symbol deviates from its reference trajectory.…”

Section: The Flight Path Predictormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first predictive guidance concept that will be examined is the Flight-Path Predictor (FPP) [1][2][3][4]. The FPP presents the future aircraft's position a certain prediction time T PR ahead.…”

Section: The Flight Path Predictormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the development of the perspective flight-path display in the 1980s and 1990s, various display augmentation principles have been developed to improve path-following accuracy [1][2][3][4][5]. The main example is the flight-path predictor (FPP), showing the future position of the aircraft a few seconds ahead in time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an SVS, a synthetic computer-generated image of the world outside the cockpit is presented on a synthetic vision display, considerably improving a pilot's situation awareness. The artificial view of the outside world, restoring the visual contact with the ground at all times, can be further augmented by presenting the reference trajectory to be followed in 3D perspective, yielding a perspective flight-path display also known as a 'tunnel-in-thesky' [1][2][3]. As these smaller aircraft are generally not equipped with advanced automatic landing systems, the autoland system, most of the approaches and landings are conducted by the pilot in full manual control of the aircraft motion relative to the target runway.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predictive Landing Guidance in Synthetic Vision Displays

Mulder¹

2011

TOAEJ

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Pilot manual path-following performance with synthetic vision displays can be improved with predictive guidance symbols. Little is known, however, on how these predictive guidance concepts can be applied to the landing flare maneuver. This paper discusses the applicability of 3D predictive guidance in synthetic vision displays during the final phase of the landing. Two types of predictive guidance were examined, the Flight-Path Predictor that indicates the aircraft's future position a certain time ahead, and the Flight Trajectory Predictor that presents the future trajectory by interpolating a number of sequential predicted positions. A theoretical investigation and an offline simulation were used to optimize the two guidance laws for the manual landing task. A pilot-in-the-loop experiment, conducted in a moving-base flight simulator, indicated that both predictive guidance types investigated support pilots in manual control. The pilot's ability to determine the correct flare initiation time is improved, and becomes comparable to timing the flare with a more realistic synthetic vision display with textured surfaces. Even though the flare initiation timing was improved by the addition of predictive guidance, the control of the flare after its initiation was not sufficiently supported. As a result, no noticeable improvement in landing performance was found.

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Section: The Flight Path Predictormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Flight Path Predictormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predictive Landing Guidance in Synthetic Vision Displays

Mulder¹

2011

TOAEJ

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“…An important visual cue is preview, information about the future reference trajectory, or target, to follow. Examples of preview include the road ahead when driving [1]- [3] or cycling [4], and an artificially displayed tunnel-in-the-sky when piloting a helicopter [5] or aircraft [6]. Preview enables humans to apply feedforward control to anticipate upcoming trajectory changes [7].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Linear Perspective on Human Use of Preview in Manual Control

Pool

Paassen

2018

IEEE Trans. Human-Mach. Syst.

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Abstract-Due to linear perspective, the visual stimulus provided by a previewed reference trajectory reduces with increasing distance ahead. This paper investigates the effects of linear perspective on human use of preview in manual control tasks. Results of a human-in-the-loop tracking experiment are presented, where the linear perspective's horizontal and vertical deformation along the previewed trajectory were applied separately and combined, or were absent (plan-view task). Measurements are analyzed with both nonparametric and parametric system identification techniques, in combination with a quasi-linear human controller model for plan-view preview tracking tasks. Results show that reduced visual stimuli in perspective tasks evoke less aggressive control behavior, but that the human's underlying control mechanisms are still accurately captured by the model. We conclude that human controllers use preview information similar in planview and perspective tasks.

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Design and Test of an Experimental Guidance System with a Perspective Flight Path Display

Sachs

Mathematical Concepts in Science and Engineering

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Experimental Evaluation of a Perspective Tunnel Display for Three-Dimensional Helicopter Approaches

Cited by 53 publications

References 2 publications

Predictive Landing Guidance in Synthetic Vision Displays

Predictive Landing Guidance in Synthetic Vision Displays

Effects of Linear Perspective on Human Use of Preview in Manual Control

Design and Test of an Experimental Guidance System with a Perspective Flight Path Display

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