Experimental drug intoxication: treatment with charcoal haemoperfusion

Widdop, B.; Medd, R.K.; Braithwaite, R. A.; Rees, A.; Goulding, Roy

doi:10.1007/bf00353336

Cited by 41 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In our phenobarbital-intoxicated patients, we measured a drug clearance of 98 -10 ml/min. This clearance rate is comparable to those obtained using coated charcoal de vices where figures of 64-120 ml/min have been published [3,33] and these values may be somewhat higher than those achieved by conventional hemodialysis [21], Theoretically, the relatively small volume of distribution of phénobar bital should allow substantial quantities of drugs to be re moved which has in fact been shown in our animal studies.…”

Section: Commentssupporting

confidence: 70%

Fixed-Bed Uncoated Charcoal Hemoperfusion in the Treatment of Intoxications: Animal and Patient Studies

Torrenté¹,

Rumack²,

Blair³

et al. 1979

Nephron

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We examined the efficacy of a new, fixed-bed, uncoated charcoal device in experimentally intoxicated dogs and in drug-intoxicated as well as chemically poisoned patients. In the animal studies, 4 h of hemoperfusion resulted in a significant decrease in the blood level of phenobarbital, salicylate, pentobarbital and glutethimide. The drug clearances varied between 97 ± 10 and 129 ± 6 ml/min. However, the total amount of drug removed was higher for phenobarbital and salicylate which have a small apparent volume of distribution (AV_D) than for pentobarbital and glutethimide which have an AV_D greater than total body water. We next treated 14 patients suffering from a wide variety of intoxications. Patients intoxicated with phenobarbital, methsuximide, chlordane and Amanita muscaria all showed a significant improvement in their clinical status. Patients intoxicated with ethchlorvynol, glutethimide, methaqualone, podophylhn and fluoroacetamide did not improve. Charcoal hemoperfusion may be useful in patients poisoned with drugs characterized by an AV_D smaller than total body water. No major complications were encountered during the hemoperfusions.

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Section: Commentssupporting

confidence: 70%

Fixed-Bed Uncoated Charcoal Hemoperfusion in the Treatment of Intoxications: Animal and Patient Studies

Torrenté¹,

Rumack²,

Blair³

et al. 1979

Nephron

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“…HGs have been extensively used for diagnostics,204–207 therapeutic devices and implants for short‐ and long‐term applications, as resumed in Table 3. Among therapeutics, adsorbent coatings for blood perfusion,208–211 hemodialysis membranes,212–216 blood oxygenators,214 degradable drug delivery systems, medicated and soft contact lenses should be mentioned 217–221. Implants include intraocular lenses,222, 223 artificial corneas,224–228 coating for drainage tubes and stents,229–232 vitreous humor replacements,233 soft tissue substitutes/replacements,126, 234, 235 burn dressing,236–241 bone ingrowth sponges,242 plastic surgery,243–245 scleral buckling implants for retinal surgery 246–249.…”

Section: Biomedical/tissue Engineering Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Muir–Torre syndrome among patients with sebaceous tumors and keratoacanthomas

Ponti

Losi

Gregorio³

et al. 2005

Cancer

133

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The three‐dimensional architecture of the right ventricular myocardium is a major determinant of function, but as yet no investigator‐independent methods have been used to characterize either the normal or hypertrophied state. We aimed to assess and compare, using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging, the normal architecture with the arrangement induced by chronic hypertrophy. We randomized 20 female 5 kg piglets into pulmonary trunk banding (N = 16) and sham operation (N = 4). Right ventricular hypertrophy was assessed after 8 weeks. The excised and fixed hearts were subject to diffusion tensor imaging to determine myocyte helical angles, and the presence of any reproducible tracks formed by the aggregated myocytes. All banding animals developed significant right ventricular hypertrophy, albeit that no difference was observed in terms of helical angles or myocardial pathways between the banded animals and sham group animals. Helical angles varied from ∼70 degrees endocardially to −50 degrees epicardially. Very few tracks were circular, with helical angles approximating zero. Reproducible patterns of chains of aggregated myocytes were observed in all hearts, regardless of group. The architecture of the myocytes aggregated in the walls of the right ventricle is comparable to that found in the left ventricle in terms of endocardial and epicardial helical angles, however the right ventricle both in the normal and the hypertrophied state lacks the extensive zone of circular myocytes seen in the mid‐portion of the left ventricular walls. Without such beneficial architectural remodelling, the porcine right ventricle seems unsuited structurally to sustain a permanent increase in afterload. Anat Rec, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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“…7 Historically, reports regarding extracorporeal removal techniques for acetaminophen refer to use of charcoal hemoperfusion. 8,9 Charcoal hemoperfusion is now rarely used because high flux dialysis equipment provides clearances similar to, or better than, charcoal hemoperfusion. Also, hemoperfusion cartridges are not stocked in most centers and most nephrologists are not familiar with this technique.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Massive acetaminophen ingestion with early metabolic acidosis and coma: treatment with IV NAC and continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration

Wiegand

Margaretten

Olson

2010

Clinical Toxicology

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Experimental drug intoxication: treatment with charcoal haemoperfusion

Cited by 41 publications

References 15 publications

Fixed-Bed Uncoated Charcoal Hemoperfusion in the Treatment of Intoxications: Animal and Patient Studies

Fixed-Bed Uncoated Charcoal Hemoperfusion in the Treatment of Intoxications: Animal and Patient Studies

Identification of Muir–Torre syndrome among patients with sebaceous tumors and keratoacanthomas

Massive acetaminophen ingestion with early metabolic acidosis and coma: treatment with IV NAC and continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration

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