Experimental Diarrhea in Cynomolgus Monkeys by Oral Administration With Clostridium Perfringens Type a Viable Cells or Enterotoxin

Uemura, Takashi; Sakaguchi, Genji; Itoh, Takeshi; Okazawa, K; Sakai, Senzo

doi:10.7883/yoken1952.28.165

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Uemura et al [57] fed cynomolgus monkeys with 5 mg of purified CPE, causing vomiting and diarrhea only when the normally low gastric pH had been neutralized by giving the animals sodium bicarbonate. Only diarrhea was consistently observed in all the monkeys dosed orally with CPE positive C. perfringens type A and sodium bicarbonate.…”

Section: Other Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models to study the pathogenesis of enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens infections

Uzal

McClane

2012

Microbes and Infection

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Section: Other Animal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models to study the pathogenesis of enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens infections

Uzal

McClane

2012

Microbes and Infection

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“…These effects were only observed when either CPE or CPE-positive C. perfringens type A were given together with sodium bicarbonate to neutralize the low gastric pH. Lethality was not observed in these nonhuman primates (Uemura et al, 1975). No information on gross or microscopic changes of these monkeys was published and molecular Koch's postulates have not been fulfilled on non-human primates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Non-human primates have rarely been used to study the pathogenesis of CPE intoxication and/or enterotoxigenic C. perfringens type A-associated disease (Uemura et al, 1975). In the only published study, cynomolgus monkeys fed purified CPE developed vomiting and diarrhea, while monkeys given CPE-positive C. perfringens type A orally developed only diarrhea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models to study the pathogenesis of human and animal Clostridium perfringens infections

Uzal

McClane

Cheung

et al. 2015

Veterinary Microbiology

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The most common animal models used to study Clostridium perfringens infections in humans and animals are reviewed here. The classical C. perfringens-mediated histotoxic disease of humans is clostridial myonecrosis or gas gangrene and the use of a mouse myonecrosis model coupled with genetic studies has contributed greatly to our understanding of disease pathogenesis. Similarly, the use of a chicken model has enhanced our understanding of type A-mediated necrotic enteritis in poultry and has led to the identification of NetB as the primary toxin involved in disease. C. perfringens type A food poisoning is a highly prevalent bacterial illness in the USA and elsewhere. Rabbits and mice are the species most commonly used to study the action of enterotoxin, the causative toxin. Other animal models used to study the effect of this toxin are rats, non-human primates, sheep and cattle. In rabbits and mice, CPE produces severe necrosis of the small intestinal epithelium along with fluid accumulation. C. perfringens type D infection has been studied by inoculating epsilon toxin (ETX) intravenously into mice, rats, sheep, goats and cattle, and by intraduodenal inoculation of whole cultures of this microorganism in mice, sheep, goats and cattle. Molecular Koch's postulates have been fulfilled for enterotoxigenic C. perfringens type A in rabbits and mice, for C. perfringens type A necrotic enteritis and gas gangrene in chickens and mice, respectively, for C. perfringens type C in mice, rabbits and goats, and for C. perfringens type D in mice, sheep and goats.

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“…In experimental food-poisoning in monkeys, excretion of enterotoxin in faeces was maximal at the diarrhoea1 stage, diminished gradually and ceased two days after the ingestion of viable cells of C . perfringens (Uemura et al 1975). The data in this report were obtained from the second fluid defecation, about 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Detection of Enterotoxin in Faeces and Anti‐enterotoxin in Serum after Clostridium perfringens Food‐poisoning

Skjelkvåle¹,

Uemura²

1977

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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Two outbreaks of Clostridium perfringens food‐poisoning involving the same person were investigated. In the first, typical symptoms with diarrhoea and abdominal pain were observed. In the second, there were no classical signs of food‐poisoning; the victim felt some flatulence and the faeces had a pasty appearance and an unpleasant smell. Counterimmunoelectrophoresis and the reversed passive haemagglutination test were rapid and reliable assay methods for enterotoxin in faeces. In the first outbreak, 13–16 μg enterotoxin/g faeces were detected, and 3–4 μg/g in the second. The detection of enterotoxin in faeces indicates the potential use of enterotoxin tests on diarrhoeal samples for diagnosing C. perfringens food‐poisoning. No enterotoxin was detected in serum during the acute stage of the illness, but the antibody titre showed a considerable rise in the first two months after the food‐poisoning outbreak.

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Experimental Diarrhea in Cynomolgus Monkeys by Oral Administration With Clostridium Perfringens Type a Viable Cells or Enterotoxin

Cited by 32 publications

References 13 publications

Animal models to study the pathogenesis of enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens infections

Animal models to study the pathogenesis of enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens infections

Animal models to study the pathogenesis of human and animal Clostridium perfringens infections

Detection of Enterotoxin in Faeces and Anti‐enterotoxin in Serum after Clostridium perfringens Food‐poisoning

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