Experimental Determination of the Tensile Strength of Fused Deposition Modeling Parts

Abstract

Acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) is a popular engineering thermoplastic and it is the most common material used in fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology. This technology is nowadays used for the production of prototypes and functional parts as well. It is therefore critical to know the mechanical properties of these parts, which, is as expected different from their nominal values. In this work the tensile strength of parts build with the FDM process is measured. ABS and ABS plus parts were built with different building parameters and were tested according to the ASTM D638-02a standard on a Schenk Trebel Co. tensile test machine. It was found that the building direction does not significantly influence the tensile strength of the parts, although the parts were anisotropic, as expected. Parts build with larger layer thickness showed lower tensile strength. The average deviation between nominal and experimental tensile strength was about 15% for the ABS and about 42% for the ABS plus material. The ABS plus showed on average 9% higher strength than ABS.

Experimental Investigations of Process Parameters Influence on Rheological Behavior and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of FDM Manufactured Parts

“…Out of these, the five process parameters namely, layer thickness (A), air gap (B), raster angle (C), build orientation (D), road width (E) have already been identified as the most significant FDM process parameters by several researchers [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] in their studies of FDM process optimization and therefore these main factors are considered in this paper to study their effects on the selected responses. The sixth parameter, the 'number of contours' is also considered in this study along with five main process parameters.…”

“…A relatively large amount of research [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] have been performed to investigate the impact of process conditions on static mechanical properties (static loading) of the Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) parts fabricated by FDM process using empirical models and applied design of experiments through statistical techniques such as regression analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Unfortunately, a systematic experimental investigation of the effect of input parameters on the rheological and dynamic mechanical properties of part manufactured by FDM does not exist in the literature.…”

Additive Manufacturing of Cellulosic Materials with Robust Mechanics and Antimicrobial Functionality

“…The modulus and strength of 3D printed CA parts compare favorably to those of thermoplastic AM parts made by extrusion and laser sintering, including acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) (E = 1.6 GPa, σ = 22-34 MPa), [20,21] polylactic acid (PLA) (E = 1.5 GPa, σ = 39 MPa), [22] and Nylon (E = 0.2-2.6 GPa, σ = 50-58 MPa). [23][24][25] Additionally, the well-known anisotropy of AM thermoplastics made by fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a major limitation that is overcome here using CA.…”

Modeling of filament deposition rapid prototyping process with a closed form solution

“…Unlike isotropic materials that have uniform properties in all directions, anisotropic material's properties such as Young's Modulus, change with direction along the object. Common examples are wood and composites(Lovelady, 2013) Savvakis, et al (2014),. specifically studied the mechanical properties of parts manufactured using fused deposition modeling or fused filament manufacturing methods, noting an anisotropic behavior in their tested specimens.…”

“…Final part strength in parts fabricated using FDM technology is highly dependent upon the quality of inter-filament bonding within each layer.Material temperatures are set and adjusted by operators in the build parameters and controlled by feedback sensors located in the material liquefier. Previous research has indicated that material temperature profiles may vary significantly throughout the process traveling from the liquefier, out of the extrusion nozzle, and as it is deposited on the build platform.Other research studies have investigated the tensile strength of FDM/FFM fabricated parts Savvakis, et al (2014),. tested specimens built as solids using Stratasys build standards that produce parts with fill rates of about 97%.…”