Experimental determination of the rate constants for spin exchange between optically pumped K, Rb, and Cs atoms andXe129nuclei in alkali-metal–noble-gas van der Waals molecules

Observing random walks of atoms in buffer gas through resonant light absorption

“…It was tacitly assumed that σ 2 in the spectrum, Eq. (13), is the square of σ found in the average transmission rate. However, the time scale for de-excitation is 3 × 10 −10 s and the decay time is probabilistic for individual atoms.…”

Measuring the spin polarization of alkali-metal atoms using nuclear magnetic resonance frequency shifts of noble gases

“…According to B. C. Grover, W. Happer and B. Saam, [12][13][14][15] at high gas densities, the regime in which binary collisions and short-lived van der Waals molecules dominate, k XR = k 0 is valid. It has recently been measured by B. Saam that k 0 = 493 ± 31.…”

Applications of highly spin-polarized xenon in NMR

“…Cells were filled with a few torr of enriched 129Xe (80%, Isotec Inc.) or 131Xe (70%, EG&G Mound) that was then frozen onto the bottom of the stopcock tube, during which time either pure nitrogen or a 8% hydrogen in nitrogen buffer gas was added. After waiting for the gases to mix [81], the cells were carefully torched off and cured at 120-150°C for a week or more. The curing process has been shown to be important in 131Xe cells [112], and often quadrupolar splittings, or even rubidium absorption, was not observed in uncured c'ells or cells cured at only 70°C for a week.…”

“…The initial work of the group at Litton Industries was followed up in great detail by the studies of Rapper and co-workers at Princeton [80,81].…”

“…used an electrical network model in this regard [81]; here a simple thennodynamic model is employed, analogous to its use in solid state NMR [13,29]. The spin systems are represented as thermal reservoirs and the various couplings provide contact between them.…”