Experimental Design Approach for Methylene Blue Dye Removal in Aqueous Environment by Nitrilotriacetic Modified Banana Pith

Abstract

Native banana pith (NBP) was modified by using nitrilotriacetic acid to increase its efficiency and adsorption capacity for methylene blue (MB) dye. The effect of various parameters such as pH, contact time, initial dye concentrations and adsorbent dosage were studied. Equilibrium data could be fitted into Langmuir isotherm and the maximum adsorption capacity of the NBP and NTA-BP is 100 and 142.86 mg/g, respectively. The IR spectrum of NBP and NTA-BP showed the presence of both carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. From the SEM micrographs, the surface morphology of NTA-BP before adsorption appeared to be smoother as compared to that after adsorption process. The pH pzc of NBP is 5.6 whereas for NTA-BP is 7.6. The experimental data fitted well into Langmuir isotherm with R 2 of 0.992. Plackett-Burman design was applied to identify the significant factors in affecting the uptake whereas the interaction between the factors and their optimum levels for the maximum percentage uptake of MB were determined using response surface methodology (RSM). Based on the results, the optimum condition for adsorption of MB was by using 0.06 g of NTA-BP in dye solution at pH 6 with 120 minutes contact time. The maximum adsorption of MB by NTA-BP achieved 99.42% under the optimum condition.

Ultrasonic treatment of wastewater contaminated with various dyes using tin oxide hydroxide nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon: Synthesis, performance, mechanism and statistical optimization

“…MB dye removal has positive and direct correlation with solution pH as well as adsorbent mass (Figure b). The probable explanation is higher accessible binding sites at more and alkaline pH and accelerate MB binding to Sn 6 O 4 (OH) 4 ‐NPs‐AC surface . The problem of high adsorbent amount may cause interference between binding sites or insufficiently of dye ions in the solution with respect to available binding sites.…”

Modeling of Competitive Ultrasonic Assisted Removal of The Crystal Violet and Aura Mineo using Mwcnts Functionalized by N-(3-Nitrobenzylidene)-Nˊ-Trimethoxysilylpropyl-Ethane-1,2-Diamine:Equilibrium, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Study

“…Thus, conducting 32 experiments permits the researchers for full study of all regions. Each experimental run was analyzed and the response was correlated with five input factors by using the following quadratic polynomial equation 29 :…”

“…The encounter difficulties are serious peaks overlapping that subsequently impossible their direct determination in mixture using general equation like Beer-Lambert 26-28. Conventional and classical optimization protocol (one at a time) failed to give useful knowledge about the interaction between variables while requiring intensive labor and consuming long time because of requiring high number of experiments. Central composite design (CCD) under response surface methodology (RSM) can efficiently be applied for handling both variables involved and responses without suffering above-mentioned draw backs [29][30][31] .This approach enables researchers to make a suitable predicative model to apply for several factors even in the presence of complex interactions to describe responses and find the optimal conditions with less time elapsed [32][33][34][35] . In this work, MWCNT was modified with Schiff base-like structure following its reaction with N-(3-nitro-benzylidene)-N0-trimethoxysilylpropyl-ethane-1, 2-diamine (NBATSPED-MWCNT).A novel adsorbent followed by the characterization using different techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).…”

Utilization of Corn Cob and TiO2 Photocatalyst Thin Films for Dyes Removal

“…The usage of these dyes has continuously increased and it has been reported that there are more than 100,000 commercial dyes with a rough estimated production of 7 × 10 5 to 1 × 10 6 tons per year. 1,2 Although this colored pollutant imparts only a small fraction of the total organic load in wastewater, it is easily recognizable and damages the aesthetic nature of the environment. Many dyes used in these industries are difficult to degrade, as they are generally stable to light and oxidizing agents, as well as resistant to aerobic digestion.…”

“…6 This dye synergizes dermatitis to sensitive skin and causes irritation to eyes. Besides, its thermal decomposition emits toxic fumes of CO, CO 2 and NO. 7 Due to these severe problems, water contamination originated from the dyeing and finishing in textile industry has become a major concern.…”