Experimental dependence of two-photon absorption efficiency on statistical properties of laser light

Detection of massive multi-particle beams by two-particle ionization

“…The generalization to beams with more particles is straightforward. The properties of the multiparticle detection can also depend on the type of incident state: in quantum optics it has been shown that the absorption efficiency depends on the statistical properties [9] and entanglement [10] of the incident light.…”

Revisiting photon-statistics effects on multiphoton ionization

“…This may explain why, over the last forty years or so, there are hardly any definitive experimental data exhibiting the chaotic field enhancement, even in the simple case of 2-photon ionization. In the few existing experimental data, the observed enhancement factor for chaotic light has in most cases been less than the expected factor of 2 [9][10][11][12]. The relevance of this work to present day possibilities, as far as squeezed radiation is concerned, has been underscored by very recent experimental results on the effect of squeezed light on harmonic generation [31]; albeit at quite low intensities, a limitation which may be lifted in the future.…”

“…It has been known since the late 60s that any nonlinear interaction of radiation with electrons depends on the quantum statistical properties of the radiation [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. In particular, a transition from a bound state to a continuum, such as ionization, offers the simplest and most directly observable process, in which intensity correlation functions of the radiation are involved.…”

Multiple ionization under strong XUV to X-ray radiation

“…Specific models, such as a chaotic (thermal) or a field with only phase fluctuations, have served as standard models, lending also themselves to analytic solutions. For example, the effect of intensity fluctuations, also referred to as photon statistics, to 2-photon absorption represents one of the very early studies [24] of the connection between field fluctuations and non-linear processes. For well founded reasons, however, the models of field fluctuations in quantum optics were based on the assumption on stationary and ergodic processes [25].…”