Experimental demonstration of a two-path parallel scheme for m-QAM-OFDM transmission through a turbulent-air-water channel in optical wireless communications

Zhang, Lu; Wang, Han; Zhao, Xu; Lu, Fang; Zhao, Xiaoming; Shao, Xiaopeng

doi:10.1364/oe.27.006672

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Regarding temperature turbulence, misalignment in the presence of temperature turbulence will defocus the laser and introduce signal fading. However, the temperature turbulence becomes strong enough to affect the free-space transmission when the temperature variation reaches 100°C [25], [47]- [49], indicating that temperature turbulence has a very limited effect on FSO communications. In addition, with a 10 −9 BER operation, a 4.3-dB [Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, given that the transmission rate will be greatly reduced with the utilization of diffuse-line-of-sight scheme, the 11.4 Mb/s (8-QAM-OFDM) and 55 Mb/s (NRZ-OOK) transmission rates are significantly less than that of the 100 Gb/s delivered in this proposed integrated system. Zhang et al demonstrated a two-path parallel scheme for m-QAM-OFDM transmission through a turbulentair-water channel in optical wireless communications [25]. An atmospheric turbulence simulator is adopted to provide a 7.5-m turbulent air channel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A WDM PAM4 FSO–UWOC Integrated System With a Channel Capacity of 100 Gb/s

Huang

et al. 2020

J. Lightwave Technol.

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A wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) fourlevel pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) free-space optical (FSO)-underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) integrated system with a channel capacity of 100 Gb/s is proposed and attainably demonstrated. Analytic results reveal that 1.8-GHz 405-nm blue-violet-light and 1.7-GHz 450-nm blue-light laser diodes (LDs) with two-stage light injection and optoelectronic feedback techniques are competently adopted for 100 Gb/s PAM4 signal transmission through a 500-m free-space transmission with 5-m clear ocean underwater link. Combining dual-wavelength WDM scenario with PAM4 modulation, the channel capacity of FSO-UWOC integrated systems is significantly enhanced with an aggregate transmission rate of 100 Gb/s (25 Gbaud PAM4/wavelength × 2 wavelengths). With doublet lenses in FSO, laser beam reducer and transmissive spatial light modulator in UWOC, a sufficiently low bit error rate of 10 −9 and acceptable PAM4 eye diagrams are acquired. This demonstrated 100 Gb/s PAM4 FSO-UWOC integrated system with a WDM scenario is advantageous for the enhancement of a high-speed optical wireless link with long-reach transmission.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A WDM PAM4 FSO–UWOC Integrated System With a Channel Capacity of 100 Gb/s

Huang

et al. 2020

J. Lightwave Technol.

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“…In recent years, underwater activities and related wireless communication have drawn great interest from both academia and industry [1]- [3]. To explore and acquire data from ocean efficiently and safely, it is essential to establish communication links between underwater platforms (e.g., underwater unmanned vehicle (UUV) and sensors) and terrestrial platforms (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and base stations) [4]- [6]. Reliable communication across the water-to-air (W2A) interface plays an important role in various applications such as underwater monitoring and underwater rescue missions [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Characterization of Coverage for Water-to-Air Visible Light Communication Through Wavy Water Surface

et al. 2021

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In this paper, we establish a water-to-air (W2A) visible light communication (VLC) link using green light emitting diode (LED), and investigate the coverage characteristics of the designed W2A-VLC link under calm and wavy water conditions. By transmitting a high-frequency sinusoid signal, we extract the variation of link gain. Based on the received signals of an experimental W2A-VLC system, we obtain the real link gains at different receiver points and analyze the channel temporal properties in good link conditions (called link "on" state). It is seen that the mean channel gain under wavy water surface condition can be larger than that under calm water surface condition, especially when the transmitter and receiver are not perfectly aligned, due to the random spatial modulation effect of wavy water surface. Moreover, the "on" state duration and interval can be well fitted by a shifted exponential distribution and a shifted lognormal distribution, respectively. Bit error rate (BER) results reveal the effect of expanded link gain variation under wavy water surface condition. This work provides significant guidance for future works on the communication protocol design and related performance analysis.

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“…Underwater wireless laser transmission (UWLT) system is another type of OWC that transmits optical signals via a laser beam through an underwater link. UWLT has attracted widespread attention in research on the problem of high-speed underwater links [6][7][8][9][10][11] . With the rapid progress of FSO communication and UWLT system, FSO-UWLT convergence is therefore developed to provide a high-transmission-rate 12,13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With SLM and angle expander-based beam tracking scheme, the laser beam can be controlled to mitigate its movement due to water flow, and the practical engineering problem can be solved to establish a stable OWC system. Compared with previous OWC systems using free-space transmission and an air-water-air link [6][7][8][9][10][11] , it presents an excellent system with the advantages of a high accumulative transmission rate, long-distance optical wireless transmission, and high reliability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 400-Gb/s WDM-PAM4 OWC System Through the Free- Space Transmission With a Water-Air-Water Link

Huang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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A 400-Gb/s wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) optical wireless communication (OWC) system through a 200-m free-space transmission with either an 8.8-m piped water-air-piped water link or a 6.5-m turbid water-air-turbid water link is attainably constructed. Incorporating PAM4 modulation with an 8-wavelength WDM scheme greatly increases the total transmission rate of the WDM-PAM4 OWC system to 400 Gb/s (50 Gb/s/λ × 8 λs). By employing doublet lenses in free-space transmission, a laser beam reducer/expander and a reflective spatial light modulator (SLM) with an angle expander through the water-air-water link, high bit error rate performance and acceptable PAM4 eye diagrams are obtained. Using a reflective SLM with an angle expander not only adaptively adjusts the laser beam, but also effectively solves the marine engineering problems. This demonstrated WDM-PAM4 OWC system outperforms existing OWC systems through free-space transmission with an air-water-air link due to its ability to resolve the practical engineering problems in actual marine environments.

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Experimental demonstration of a two-path parallel scheme for m-QAM-OFDM transmission through a turbulent-air-water channel in optical wireless communications

Cited by 27 publications

References 17 publications

A WDM PAM4 FSO–UWOC Integrated System With a Channel Capacity of 100 Gb/s

A WDM PAM4 FSO–UWOC Integrated System With a Channel Capacity of 100 Gb/s

Preliminary Characterization of Coverage for Water-to-Air Visible Light Communication Through Wavy Water Surface

A 400-Gb/s WDM-PAM4 OWC System Through the Free- Space Transmission With a Water-Air-Water Link

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