Experimental cross sections for L-shell x-ray production and ionization by protons

Miranda, J.; Lapicki, G.

doi:10.1016/j.adt.2013.07.003

Cited by 62 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…Inner‐shell ionization process of atoms by heavy charged‐particle impact is of fundamental importance not only in atomic physics to understand collision dynamics between projectiles and target atoms, but also in various application fields, such as plasma physics, astrophysics, and particle‐induced X‐ray emission. A great number of experimental studies have been performed, and the measured data are compiled in numerical tables for K‐shell and L‐shell ionization cross sections. With recent advances in X‐ray spectrometers, the experimental data on M‐shell ionization cross sections became available .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N‐shell ionization cross sections by proton impact in the BEA

Mukoyama

2018

X-Ray Spectrometry

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The N‐subshell ionizations cross sections of heavy elements by proton impact have been calculated in the binary‐encounter approximation. The momentum distribution of target electrons is taken into account by the use of the nonrelativistic and relativistic hydrogenic models and the Hartree–Fock–Roothaan and the relativistic Hartree–Fock–Roothaan methods. The obtained subshell ionization cross sections are compared with the experimental data and other theoretical calculations. The electronic relativistic effect and the wave‐function effect on N‐shell ionization cross sections are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N‐shell ionization cross sections by proton impact in the BEA

Mukoyama

2018

X-Ray Spectrometry

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“…L l /L α (L 3 −M 1 /L 3 −M 4,5 ) intensity ratios for proton impact, from study of Miranda and Lapicki after eliminating several data, as we found as an erroneous entry.…”

Section: Examples Of Data Scattermentioning

confidence: 85%

“…They are also in an energy range with few intrinsic detection efficiency corrections. Recently, the compilation of the literature data for X‐ray production cross section was published, and we can use it to assess the level of accuracy of the method. The ratio scatters up to 10 4 .…”

Section: Examples Of Data Scattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Is a sufficient measure of the standard uncertainty in X‐ray spectroscopy?

Papp

Maxwell²

2017

X-Ray Spectrometry

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There is a magnitude larger scatter in the experimental data of fundamental parameters than the claimed error estimate. We give examples from recent compilations of excitation and decay parameter values for the untenable large scatters, indicating methodological problems. One is the improper use of uncertainty estimation. The measured spectrum is not expected to follow Poisson distribution. We report proper statistical uncertainty calculations. It implies a two to five times larger uncertainty but still does not account for the large scatter. The other possible explanation could be rooted in the ill-posed problem of exponential analysis, as radiation measurement belongs to this category. We give evidence from particle-induced X-ray emission and X-ray fluorescence for additional exponential terms, thus leading to multi-exponential analysis. This could explain the large scatter, as the usual square root of counts rule cannot be used for the standard uncertainty. We present a novel approach where discriminators are used to reduce the number of exponentials and the discriminated events are also processed and collected into a separate spectrum. Analyzing both spectra and the live time and dead time clocks allows the determination of the true input counts. It is a non-extended dead time approach. With this approach, we have a much reduced statistical uncertainty, and both the total spectrum and the fractional spectrum have the same uncertainty. As an independent quality assurance tool, the time interval histogram analysis is also presented.

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“…We note that there are no experimental data for the elements 43 Tc, 44 Ru, 54 Xe, 61 Pm, 84 Po, 85 At, 86 Rn, 87 Fr, 88 Ra, 89 Ac, 91 Pa for L α , L β and L γ and 39 Y, 40 Zr, 41 Nb, 42 Mo, 43 Tc, 44 Ru, 45 Rh, 46 Pd, 54 Xe, 55 Cs, 56 Ba, 57 La, 58 Ce, 61 Pm, 69 Tm, 75 Re, 81 Tl, 84 Po, 85 At, 86 Rn, 87 Fr, 88 Ra, 89 Ac for L 1 , L 2 , and L 3 . The lack of these experimental data is because of the fact that they are difficult to handle and not readily available . As previously, the rejection criterion of the experimental data, for which the ratio S = σ exp /σ eCPSSR varies within the range of 0.5–1.5, is still going on here in order to work in the same conditions.…”

Section: Semi‐empirical Formulaementioning

confidence: 99%

Three dimensional (Z‐dependence), collective and individual semi‐empirical formulae for L X‐ray production and ionization cross section by protons impact within corrected ECPSSR theory and updated experimental data: a review

et al. 2016

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In this paper we propose a new three dimensional semi‐empirical formulae for the deduction of L X‐ray production and ionization cross sections by introducing the dependence on the atomic number of the target, noted as ‘Z‐dependence’. The data are also fitted collectively and separately (for each element) by analytical functions to calculate semi‐empirical cross sections. For this purpose, the corrected ECPSSR model (noted as eCPSSR) and the published experimental data of Lα, Lβ and Lγ X‐ray production and L1, L2 and L3 ionization cross sections in the period (1950–2014) are combined to calculate the semi‐empirical ones for a wide range of elements by proton impact. The semi‐empirical cross sections (for the three x‐rays lines Lα, Lβ, Lγ and the three sub‐shells L1, L2, L3) are then deduced by fitting the available experimental data normalized to their corresponding theoretical values (using the eCPSSR model) giving a better representation of the experimental data for the individual interpolation. At last, a comparison is made between the three semi‐empirical formulae reported in this work. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Experimental cross sections for L-shell x-ray production and ionization by protons

Cited by 62 publications

References 141 publications

N‐shell ionization cross sections by proton impact in the BEA

N‐shell ionization cross sections by proton impact in the BEA

Is a sufficient measure of the standard uncertainty in X‐ray spectroscopy?

Three dimensional (Z‐dependence), collective and individual semi‐empirical formulae for L X‐ray production and ionization cross section by protons impact within corrected ECPSSR theory and updated experimental data: a review

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