Experimental Colitis Induced by Dextran Sulphate in Normal and Germfree Mice

Bylund-Fellenius, Ann-Christin; Landström, E.; Axelsson, Lars-Göran; Midtvedt, Tore

doi:10.3402/mehd.v7i4.8184

Cited by 19 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, administration of 5% DSS, which is the dose more commonly used to induce colitis in mice, led to death on day three in GF mice. This result is similar to that reported by BylundFellenius et al [5]. However, we did not observe any lesions indicative of colitis in the large intestine of GF mice, although all mice showed gross rectal bleeding, which is considered to be a clinical sign of colitis, as early as one day after administration of DSS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Carrageenan is a sulfated polysaccharide with high molecular weight similar to DSS that can be used to induce experimental colitis. Despite these findings, Bylund-Fellenius et al [5] have reported the development of DSS-induced colitis with concurrent high mortality in GF mice. However, this study was limited in its investigations into the clinical and histological changes found in colitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Bylund-Fellenius et al [5] have suggested that degradation of DSS by intestinal microflora is a likely reason for this difference. However, we believe that this is unlikely because in one of our previous studies we did not detect any small fragments of DSS in the feces of mice on day three after administration of 5% DSS on polyacrylamide gels [14].…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis in Germ-Free IQI/Jic Mice.

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study presents a histological examination of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in germ-free (GF) mice. A comparison of the pathology between GF and conventionalized mice (CVz) was made to determine the role that intestinal microflora play in DSS-induced colitis. To induce colitis, GF and CVz IQI/Jic mice were given either 5% or 1% DSS orally. Administration of 5% DSS, a common concentration used to induce colitis in mice, caused gross rectal bleeding and a marked decrease in hematocrit as early as day one in GF mice. These mice died on day three due to massive bleeding into the intestinal lumen. In contrast, CVz mice did not die during the seven-day experimental period. Histopathological examination three days after administration of 5% DSS did not reveal any colitis lesions in GF mice, but CVz mice had developed moderate colitis in the large intestine. Administration of a low concentration of DSS (1%), which only induces mild basal crypt loss in CVz mice, caused severe colitis in the distal colon in GF mice, and they died on day 14. These data suggest that intestinal microflora are not necessary for the induction of colitis. Furthermore, DSS may be highly toxic to GF mice, and when given at a concentration of 5% it causes massive bleeding into the intestinal lumen resulting in death prior to development of colitis.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis in Germ-Free IQI/Jic Mice.

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It has also been speculated that the primary effect of DSS is to cause damage to components of the mucus layer, resulting in subsequent overexposure of bacterial products [16]. However, also mice kept in a germ-free environment develop an acute inflammation upon DSS treatment, and have in fact been reported to display signs of inflammation earlier than mice kept under SPF conditions [17,18]. This indicates that the intestinal microflora is not necessary for inducing colitis but is likely to play a role in the modulation of the disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dextran Sulfate Sodium‐induced Colitis Generates a Transient Thymic Involution – Impact on Thymocyte Subsets

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One of the most widely used animal models for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐induced colitis. We have previously reported that 5 days administration of DSS in C57Bl/6J mice induces a colonic inflammation that progresses into chronicity after DSS removal, whereas in BALB/cJ mice the inflammation resolves within 4 weeks post‐DSS. Here we show that both thymic size and thymocyte numbers dramatically decreased in the acute phase of inflammation in C57Bl/6 mice, 7 days after DSS withdrawal. Mature, CD4+ and CD8+ single positive (SP) CD69lo CD62Lhi thymocytes were enriched in these mice, accompanied by a major decrease in the number of immature double positive (DP) thymocytes. However, the different maturation stages within the DP thymocyte subset were unchanged between healthy and inflamed C57Bl/6J mice. Interestingly, as the inflammation progressed into the chronic phase, the thymus recovered and 2 weeks after the acute inflammatory phase all the thymic parameters investigated in this study were restored to normal. In contrast, BALB/cJ mice only develop mild thymic alterations. Nevertheless, we found that within the double negative (DN) thymocytes an increased frequency and also total numbers of CD44+ CD25− (DN1) cells correlated with the severety of colitis, and that the frequency of CD44− CD25− (DN4) thymocytes decreased proportionally in the acute phase in BALB/cJ mice. Our observations suggest that the thymic effects are intimately connected to the intestinal inflammatory response in colitis regardless of the inflammatory stimuli.

show abstract

“…Colitis was also induced by oral administration of DSS (5% in drinking water for 7 days) as described in ref. 26.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The endogenous cannabinoid system protects against colonic inflammation

Massa¹,

Marsicano²,

Hermann³

et al. 2004

J. Clin. Invest.

358

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Excessive inflammatory responses can emerge as a potential danger for organisms' health. Physiological balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory processes constitutes an important feature of responses against harmful events. Here, we show that cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB1) mediate intrinsic protective signals that counteract proinflammatory responses. Both intrarectal infusion of 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS) and oral administration of dextrane sulfate sodium induced stronger inflammation in CB1-deficient mice (CB1 -/- ) than in wild-type littermates (CB1 +/+ ). Treatment of wild-type mice with the specific CB1 antagonist N-(piperidino-1-yl)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-pyrazole-3- carboxamide (SR141716A) mimicked the phenotype of CB1 -/- mice, showing an acute requirement of CB1 receptors for protection from inflammation. Consistently, treatment with the cannabinoid receptor ago- nist R(-)-7-hydroxy-delta6 -tetra-hydrocannabinol-dimethylheptyl (HU210) or genetic ablation of the endo- cannabinoid-degrading enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) resulted in protection against DNBS-induced colitis. Electrophysiological recordings from circular smooth muscle cells, performed 8 hours after DNBS treatment, revealed spontaneous oscillatory action potentials in CB1 -/- but not in CB1 +/+ colons, indi- cating an early CB1-mediated control of inflammation-induced irritation of smooth muscle cells. DNBS treatment increased the percentage of myenteric neurons expressing CB1 receptors, suggesting an enhancement of cannabinoid signaling during colitis. Our results indicate that the endogenous cannabinoid system represents a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of intestinal disease conditions characterized by excessive inflammatory responses

show abstract

Experimental Colitis Induced by Dextran Sulphate in Normal and Germfree Mice

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis in Germ-Free IQI/Jic Mice.

Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis in Germ-Free IQI/Jic Mice.

Dextran Sulfate Sodium‐induced Colitis Generates a Transient Thymic Involution – Impact on Thymocyte Subsets

The endogenous cannabinoid system protects against colonic inflammation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About