Experimental Characterization of the Hydraulic Jump Profile and Velocity Distribution in a Stilling Basin Physical Model

Abstract

The study of the hydraulic jump developed in stilling basins is complex to a high degree due to the intense velocity and pressure fluctuations and the significant air entrainment. It is this complexity, bound to the practical interest in stilling basins for energy dissipation purposes, which brings the importance of physical modeling into the spotlight. However, despite the importance of stilling basins in engineering, bibliographic studies have traditionally focused on the classical hydraulic jump. Therefore, the objective of this research was to study the characteristics of the hydraulic jump in a typified USBR II stilling basin, through a physical model. The free surface profile and the velocity distribution of the hydraulic jump developed within this structure were analyzed in the model. To this end, an experimental campaign was carried out, assessing the performance of both, innovative techniques such as the time-of-flight camera and traditional instrumentation like the Pitot tube. The results showed a satisfactory representation of the free surface profile and the velocity distribution, despite some discussed limitations. Furthermore, the instrumentation employed revealed the important influence of the energy dissipation devices on the flow properties. In particular, relevant differences were found for the hydraulic jump shape and the maximum velocity positions within the measured vertical profiles, when compared to classical hydraulic jumps.

Investigation of a Negative Step Effect on Stilling Basin by Using CFD

“…It should be noted that the profiles of Bakhmeteff and Matzke [ 32 ] and Wang and Chanson [ 33 ] were originally obtained from research on CHJ. The profiles of Macián-Pérez [ 34 ] were obtained from the USBR II stilling basin. From the figure, it can be seen that the negative-step stilling basin had a larger flow depth compared to the CHJ and USBR II stilling basin.…”

Energy Dissipation in Stilling Basins with Side Jets from Highly Convergent Chutes

“…Increasing flooding due to climate change along with more restrictive modern criteria for dam safety have necessitated comprehensive reviews of the design of the spillways of existing dams. Thus, recent research [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] has been conducted to deepen our knowledge of methods for increasing the discharge capacity of spillways. In addition, new technical guidelines for dam protection against overtopping [9-11] have been published to ensure dam safety during extreme floods, when the spillway is not able to pass the outlet discharge and the dam crest is overtopped.…”

Sensitivity Analysis of Adjustable River Surf Waves in the Absence of Channel Drop

“…Hydraulic jumps have been studied extensively ever since Leonardo da Vinci in the 16th century, but the main purpose of previous studies has been to utilize hydraulic jumps as a means of energy dissipation in hydraulic structures (e.g., [18,19]). Mahtabi et al [20] provided a decision tree algorithm for classification of hydraulic jumps and Macian-Perez et al [21] experimentally characterized the profile and velocity distribution of hydraulics jumps. Hassanpour et al [22] investigated the flow behavior and pressure fluctuations of the hydraulic jump at a channel expansion.…”