Experimental characterization and control of a magnetic shape memory alloy actuator using the modified generalized rate-dependent Prandtl–Ishlinskii hysteresis model

Abstract

In this article, two models are used, namely rate-independent and rate-dependent generalized Prandtl-Ishlinskii, to characterize a magnetic shape memory alloy actuator. The results show that the rate-independent model cannot consider the effect of input excitation frequency, while the rate-dependent model omits this drawback by defining a time-dependent operator. For the first time, the effects of excitation frequency on the hysteretic behavior of magnetic shape memory alloy actuator are investigated. In this study, five excitation voltages with different frequencies in the range of 0.05-0.4 Hz are utilized as inputs to the magnetic shape memory alloy actuator and the displacement outputs are measured. Experimental results indicate that, with increasing the excitation frequency, the size of the hysteresis loops changes. Since the generalized rate-dependent Prandtl-Ishlinskii model cannot consider the asymmetric hysteresis loops, in the developed model, a tangent hyperbolic function is applied as an envelope function in order to improve the capability of the model in characterizing the asymmetric behavior of magnetic shape memory alloy actuator. The parameters of both rate-dependent and rate-independent models are identified by genetic algorithm optimization. The results reveal that the rate-independent form is not capable of accurately describing the hysteretic behavior of magnetic shape memory alloy actuator for different input frequencies. Simulation and experimental results also demonstrate the proficiency of the developed model for precise characterization of the saturated rate-dependent hysteresis loops of magnetic shape memory alloy actuator. In addition, the proposed model is utilized for determining a proper range for controller coefficients during controller design.

Tracking control of an SMA-driven actuator with rate-dependent behavior using an inverse model of hysteresis

“…Because of the linear dependency of the normalized area of the hysteresis with respect to the excitation frequency, the proposed threshold function is formulated as [29]:…”

Development of a frequency-dependent constitutive model for hysteresis of shape memory alloys

“…In other words, the voltage-induced heating rate affects the SMAs behavior. The study of frequency effect of current or voltage as a direct/indirect excitation on other smart materials such as piezoelectric, 48 pneumatic artificial muscle, 49 magnetic SMA, 18 and magnetostrictive 50 also shows that hysteresis loops become wider with increasing the frequency of current or voltage. The wider hysteresis indicates more dissipation of a system.…”

“…Many researchers have tried to model the hysteresis behavior. 13–16 Hysteresis as a kind of internal loss of the material behavior emerges between the input and output of smart materials such as piezoelectric, 17 magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMAs), 18 magnetostrictive 19 , and magneto-rheological (MR) dampers. 20 SMAs hysteresis has a particular complexity because of its wide saturation curve and asymmetry in the heating and cooling paths.…”

Adaptive predictive control of a novel shape memory alloy rod actuator

“…The results showed that the nonlinear and complex behavior of the SMA actuators is modeled precisely using this model. Shakiba et al 61 characterized a magnetic SMA actuator using rate-independent and rate-dependent generalized P–I. They used the proposed model to determine a proper range for controller coefficients during controller design.…”