Experimental characterisation and three-dimensional modelling of Elymus for the assessment of ecosystem services

Liu, Jintian; Kutschke, Steven; Keimer, Kara; Kosmalla, Viktoria; Schürenkamp, David; Goseberg, Nils; Böl, Markus

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2021.106233

Cited by 13 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The mechanical properties of the vegetation model, such as elastic forces and the dynamic behavior under wave action were not designed for a specific plant species because the primary goal of these tests was to arrive at a better understanding of wave transformation processes and to determine important parameters. To fully understand and quantify the ecohydraulic effects of foreshore vegetation and the interactions of flow and vegetation, a vegetation model considering the relevant parameters needs to be developed in future research; for example, biomass above and below ground (Feagin et al 2019;Schoutens et al 2020;Schulze et al 2019), shoot density (Möller 2006;Rupprecht et al 2015), and Young's bending modulus or even flexural rigidity (Rupprecht et al 2015;Schoutens et al 2020;Schulze et al 2019;Vuik et al 2018;Zhu et al 2019;Liu et al 2021) constitute elemental research questions to be investigated and answered in followup studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecohydraulics of Surrogate Salt Marshes for Coastal Protection: Wave–Vegetation Interaction and Related Hydrodynamics on Vegetated Foreshores at Sea Dikes

Keimer

Schürenkamp

Miescke

et al. 2021

J. Waterway, Port, Coastal, Ocean Eng.

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Vegetation on foreshores in close vicinity to sea dikes may prove beneficial as regulating ecosystem service in the context of coastal defense, dike safety, and flood protection by reducing loads on these defense structures. Predominantly, a decrease in wave heights and bottom shear stresses is hypothesized, which calls for an inclusion in design procedures of coastal defense structures. In contrast to heterogeneous and variable salt marsh vegetation, this study uses surrogate vegetation models for systematic hydraulic experiments in a wave flume, without modeling specific plant species a priori. Froude-scale experiments are performed in order to investigate the effect of salt marsh vegetation on the wave transformation processes on the foreshore and wave run-up at sea dikes. The effect of plant and wave properties on wave transmission, energy dissipation, and wave run-up at a 1:6 sloped smooth dike are presented and discussed, focusing on the wave-vegetation-structure interaction. Vegetated foreshores can contribute to wave attenuation, where an increasing relative vegetation height h v /h results in decreased wave run-up on the dike by up to 16.5% at h v /h = 1.0.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecohydraulics of Surrogate Salt Marshes for Coastal Protection: Wave–Vegetation Interaction and Related Hydrodynamics on Vegetated Foreshores at Sea Dikes

Keimer

Schürenkamp

Miescke

et al. 2021

J. Waterway, Port, Coastal, Ocean Eng.

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“…Our result revealed that the decreased xylem vessel diameter, and the phloem length and width increased in drought stress. This reduction may be due to a decrease in the radius of the sieve tube and an increase in viscosity of phloem sap, which in turn may affect the capacity of phloem transport due to lesser phloem conductance in the stem as previously reported [ 28 , 90 , 91 ]. The dissection of the complex architecture of quantitative traits in drought stress environments may lead to identification of favorable SNPs and haplotypes, underpinning traits of breeding interest through crop-wild introgressions [ 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Wild Vicia Species Possess a Drought Tolerance System for Faba Bean Improvement

Haq

Binjawhar

Ullah

et al. 2022

Genes

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Faba bean (Vicia faba L.), a drought-sensitive crop, is drastically affected by drought stresses compromising its growth and yield. However, wild relatives of faba bean are considered a reservoir of potential genetic resources for tolerance against abiotic stresses. This study was conducted to characterize wild relatives of faba bean for identification of a specific tolerance system required for its improvement against drought stress. The study focused on physiological, biochemical, and anatomical responses of wild Vicia species under drought stress conditions. The experiment was carried out under various levels of drought stress imposed through different field capacities (FC) which included 80% FC ie (well-watered condition), 55% FC (moderate stress), and 30% FC (severe stress). When compared to plants grown in a control environment, drought stress significantly reduced the studied physiological attributes including soluble sugars (21.3% and 15.8%), protein contents (14.7 and 14.6%), and chlorophyll (8.4 and 28.6%) under moderate (55% FC) and severe drought stress (30% FC), respectively. However, proline content increased by 20.5% and 27.6%, peroxidase activity by 48.5% and 57.1%, and superoxide dismutase activity by 72.6% and 64.8% under moderate and severe stress, respectively. The studied anatomical attributes were also affected under drought stress treatments, including diameter of stem xylem vessels (9.1% and 13.7%), leaf lower epidermal thickness (8.05% and 13.34%), and leaf phloem width (5.3% and 10.1%) under moderate and severe stress, respectively. Wild Vicia spp. showed better tolerance to water-deficit conditions as compared to cultivated Vicia L. The observed potential diversity for drought tolerance in wild Vicia spp. may assist in improvement of faba bean and may also help in understanding the mechanisms of adaptations in drought-prone environments.

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“…These adaptive anatomical traits may be used to identify tolerant Elymus species in water-stress environments. Through current genetic engineering and molecular methods, they can be targeted for integration into susceptible kinds of wheat (Nassar et al, 2020 ; Liu et al, 2021 ). Reduced xylem vessel diameter in Elymus species subjected to moderate water stress may be related to the maintenance of the water conductivity, which may contribute to reduced susceptibility to xylem embolism (Lovisolo and Schubert, 1998 ; Haworth et al, 2017 ; Dolezal et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploiting the drought tolerance of wild Elymus species for bread wheat improvement

et al. 2022

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Crop wild resources are excellent sources of new genetic variation for resilience against climate extremes. However, detailed characterization of the desirable phenotypes is essential before using these crop wild resources in breeding programs. This current study was, therefore, conducted to investigate the water stress responses of eight wild Elymus species and two wheat cultivars. The experiment was carried out under varying levels of osmotic stress induced by polyethylene glycol and progressive water stress through different field capacities. Water stress significantly reduced both physiological and biochemical traits compared to control, ranging from 7.1% (protein content) to 34.5% (chlorophyll) under moderate stress and 9.1–45.8% under severe stress. The anatomical features were also affected under progressive water stress, including a reduction in xylem vessel diameter (7.92 and 16.50%), phloem length (4.36 and 7.18%), vascular bundle length (3.09 and 6.04%), and ground tissue thickness (2.36 and 5.52%), respectively. Conclusively, Elymus borianus (endemic to Swat, Pakistan), E. russelli, E. caninus, E. longioristatus, and E. dauhuricus outperformed the check wheat cultivar, Pirsabak 2005, which is a rainfed variety. The results revealed that Elymus species belonging to the tertiary gene pool of bread wheat could be an excellent drought tolerance source for use in a breeding program.

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Experimental characterisation and three-dimensional modelling of Elymus for the assessment of ecosystem services

Cited by 13 publications

References 52 publications

Ecohydraulics of Surrogate Salt Marshes for Coastal Protection: Wave–Vegetation Interaction and Related Hydrodynamics on Vegetated Foreshores at Sea Dikes

Ecohydraulics of Surrogate Salt Marshes for Coastal Protection: Wave–Vegetation Interaction and Related Hydrodynamics on Vegetated Foreshores at Sea Dikes

Wild Vicia Species Possess a Drought Tolerance System for Faba Bean Improvement

Exploiting the drought tolerance of wild Elymus species for bread wheat improvement

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