Experimental caries in germfree rats inoculated with enterococci

Orland, Frank J.; Blayney, J.R.; Harrison, R.W.; Reyniers, James A.; Trexler, P. C.; Ervin, Robert F.; Gordon, Helmut A.; Wagner, M.

doi:10.14219/jada.archive.1955.0061

Cited by 148 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Several factors were responsible for a gradual shift in the perception of the microbial etiology of dental caries (Table 2, left column). First was the classic experiment of Orland et al in 1955 in which caries was induced in rats mono-associated with a Streptococcus strain. This was soon followed by a series of experiments by Fitzgerald and Keyes at the NIH (van Houte, 1980) which showed that caries in rodents was a transmissible disease caused by streptococci that were believed to be members of a heretofore-undescribed species.…”

Section: 1931mentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Diagnostic Microbiology for Treatment and Prognosis of Dental Caries and Periodontal Diseases

Baehni

Guggenheim

1996

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

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Most evidence suggests that only a finite number of bacteria are responsible for dental caries and periodontal diseases. This knowledge led to the development of microbial tests which can identify suspected pathogens. Current evaluation of the diagnostic power of microbial tests has shown that they have a low sensitivity and a low prognostic value. Despite these shortcomings, there are valid indications for microbiological-based diagnosis. Salivary microbial tests for the detection of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli may be useful, for example, in young children, oligosialic patients, and orthodontic patients. These tests can be used to monitor the success of chemopreventive measures or compliance with dietary recommendations. Microbial diagnosis may also be valuable in the treatment of early-onset periodontitis or in subjects who respond poorly to periodontal therapy. The use of microbial tests to monitor the efficacy of chemotherapy or mechanical treatment is of particular interest.

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Section: 1931mentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Diagnostic Microbiology for Treatment and Prognosis of Dental Caries and Periodontal Diseases

Baehni

Guggenheim

1996

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

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“…In modern dentistry, dentin caries is widely recognized as a bacterial infectious disease 1,2) . Cariogenic bacteria begin to invade the dentinal tubule, which then becomes packed with bacteria, of which the acid demineralizes the peritubular dentin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma-treated water eliminates <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> in infected dentin model

Tasaki

Ohshima

Usui

et al. 2017

Dental Materials Journal

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Non-mechanical procedures for removing caries-infected dentin are warranted in dentistry. We previously demonstrated the marked sterilization effect for direct irradiation of low-temperature plasma using dentin model infected with Streptococcus mutans. However it requires 180 s of intraoral plasma irradiation to eliminate bacteria. We alternatively investigated whether plasma-treated water (PTW), i.e., pure water exposed to plasma in an atmosphere, has a same bactericidal activity with the plasma irradiation. In the infected dentin model, the viable S. mutans counts recovered by bur at depth of 0.8-2.4 mm from the cavity floor were 10 4 -10 6 CFU/ round bur. After PTW application for only 10 s, the count was significantly decreased to below the detection limit (2.5 CFU/round bur) or 3.0±5.0 CFU/round bur. Since the bactericidal activity of PTW is rapidly deactivated at body temperature (37°C), PTW is likely to be biocompatible and holds significant potential for non-mechanical procedures for removing caries-infected dentin.

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“…In this regard, there are well-established in vivo models for S. mutans, including rat (Burne et al, 1996;Koo et al, 2005;Yamashita et al, 1993) and transgenic mouse caries models (Burne et al, 1996;Catalán et al, 2011;Culp et al, 2005;Yamashita et al, 1993), as well as rabbit and mouse models of infective endocarditis (Bahn et al, 1978;Paik et al, 2003). In fact, it was the pioneering work conducted in the 1950s and 60s using hamsters and gnotobiotic rats that established S. mutans as the principal aetiological agent of dental caries (Fitzgerald & Keyes, 1960;Orland et al, 1955;Zinner et al, 1965). More recently, several studies have demonstrated the usefulness of the infection of the larvae of Galleria mellonella to study the pathogenic potential of S. mutans strains in systemic infections (Abranches et al, 2011;Gonzalez et al, 2012;Kajfasz et al, 2010).…”

Section: S Mutans As a Model Organism Of Pathogenic Gram-positive Bamentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus mutans: a new Gram-positive paradigm?

et al. 2013

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Despite the enormous contributions of the bacterial paradigms Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis to basic and applied research, it is well known that no single organism can be a perfect representative of all other species. However, given that some bacteria are difficult, or virtually impossible, to cultivate in the laboratory, that some are recalcitrant to genetic and molecular manipulation, and that others can be extremely dangerous to manipulate, the use of model organisms will continue to play an important role in the development of basic research. In particular, model organisms are very useful for providing a better understanding of the biology of closely related species. Here, we discuss how the lifestyle, the availability of suitable in vitro and in vivo systems, and a thorough understanding of the genetics, biochemistry and physiology of the dental pathogen Streptococcus mutans have greatly advanced our understanding of important areas in the field of bacteriology such as interspecies biofilms, competence development and stress responses. In this article, we provide an argument that places S. mutans, an organism that evolved in close association with the human host, as a novel Gram-positive model organism.Advances in the field of bacteriology have relied strongly on studies involving the bacterial paradigms Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. In both cases, a long history of laboratory research, ease of cultivation and genetic manipulation encouraged and provided the rationale for the emergence of these bacteria as model organisms. E. coli is a Gramnegative, non-sporulating bacterium that can be found freeliving, in water or soil, as well as associated with plants, insects, birds and mammals. It is the most studied prokaryotic organism and comprises a very heterogeneous group containing both pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains. In addition to serving as the Gram-negative model organism, laboratory strains of E. coli are extremely versatile and are the quintessential lab workhorses. Bacillus subtilis is a Gram-positive sporulating organism commonly found in soil, plants and, transiently, on the surface of animals. Strains of B. subtilis are not associated with humans and are not pathogenic, although some closely related Bacillus species such as Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus cereus are implicated in human disease (anthrax) and in food poisoning, respectively. Because the sporulation process occurs in simple well-defined stages, B. subtilis sporulation has served as a paradigm for bacterial development and differentiation studies. Like E. coli, B. subtilis is also easy to cultivate and highly amenable to genetic manipulation. The wealth of information derived from investigations of the biochemistry, physiology, genetics and developmental processes of E. coli and B. subtilis laid the foundation for, and at the same time provided guidance for, studies with other bacterial species. In addition to E. coli and B. subtilis, there are numerous other organisms that have served, in a more limited scope, a...

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Experimental caries in germfree rats inoculated with enterococci

Cited by 148 publications

References 18 publications

Potential of Diagnostic Microbiology for Treatment and Prognosis of Dental Caries and Periodontal Diseases

Potential of Diagnostic Microbiology for Treatment and Prognosis of Dental Caries and Periodontal Diseases

Plasma-treated water eliminates <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> in infected dentin model

Streptococcus mutans: a new Gram-positive paradigm?

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