Experimental band structure spectroscopy along a synthetic dimension

Dutt, Avik; Minkov, Momchil; Lin, Qiang; Yuan, Luqi; Miller, David A. B.; Fan, Shanhui

doi:10.1038/s41467-019-11117-9

Cited by 124 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…[38]. The synthetic dimension can be constructed in the rings by using electro-optic modulators [61,62] modulating the refractive index. To match the modulation rate to the spacing between adjacent modes of the ring, the ring radius can be about 200 μm for a modulation rate of 80 GHz, which is accessible with current technology [61].…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mode-Locked Topological Insulator Laser Utilizing Synthetic Dimensions

et al. 2020

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We propose a system that exploits the fundamental features of topological photonics and synthetic dimensions to force many semiconductor laser resonators to synchronize, mutually lock, and under suitable modulation emit a train of transform-limited mode-locked pulses. These lasers exploit the Floquet topological edge states in a 1D array of ring resonators, which corresponds to a 2D topological system with one spatial dimension and one synthetic frequency dimension. We show that the lasing state of the multielement laser system possesses the distinct characteristics of spatial topological edge states while exhibiting topologically protected transport. The topological synthetic-space edge mode imposes a constant-phase difference between the multifrequency modes on the edges, and together with modulation of the individual elements forces the ensemble of resonators to mode lock and emit short pulses, robust to disorder in the multiresonator system. Our results offer a proof-of-concept mechanism to actively mode lock a laser diode array of many lasing elements, which is otherwise extremely difficult due to the presence of many spatial modes of the array. The topological synthetic-space concepts proposed here offer an avenue to overcome this major technological challenge and open new opportunities in laser physics.

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mode-Locked Topological Insulator Laser Utilizing Synthetic Dimensions

et al. 2020

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“…The first photonic topological insulator in a synthetic dimension was demonstrated using an array of multimode waveguides, where modulation of the refractive index along the waveguide axis played the role of the dynamic modulation [129]. The dynamically modulated resonator has also been implemented in the fibre-based ring experiments incorporating commercial electro-optic modulators [130,131], where band structures associated with one-dimensional synthetic lattices along the frequency axis of light have been measured [132]. Based on this experimental set-up, one can use the clockwise/ counterclockwise modes of a single ring as another degree of freedom to construct a synthetic Hall ladder with two independent physical synthetic dimensions, as shown in Figure 6 [128].…”

Section: Topology Of Dynamically Modulated Resonatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topological phases in ring resonators: recent progress and future prospects

Leykam

Yuan

2020

Nanophotonics

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Topological photonics has emerged as a novel paradigm for the design of electromagnetic systems from microwaves to nanophotonics. Studies to date have largely focused on the demonstration of fundamental concepts, such as nonreciprocity and waveguiding protected against fabrication disorder. Moving forward, there is a pressing need to identify applications where topological designs can lead to useful improvements in device performance. Here, we review applications of topological photonics to ring resonator–based systems, including one- and two-dimensional resonator arrays, and dynamically modulated resonators. We evaluate potential applications such as quantum light generation, disorder-robust delay lines, and optical isolation, as well as future research directions and open problems that need to be addressed.

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“…However, these systems are extremely difficult to scale and reconfigure. Synthetic dimensions provide a promising alternative approach for photonic quantum simulations in a scalable and resource efficient way without requiring complex photonic circuits [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. One powerful technique to implement a synthetic space is through time-multiplexing [19][20][21][22][23][24], which can scale to a higher number of dimensions efficiently.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Guiding and confining of light in a two-dimensional synthetic space using electric fields

Chalabi¹,

Barik²,

Mittal³

et al. 2020

Optica

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Synthetic dimensions provide a promising platform for photonic quantum simulations. Manipulating the flow of photons in these dimensions requires an electric field. However, photons do not have charge and do not directly interact with electric fields. Therefore, alternative approaches are needed to realize electric fields in photonics. One approach is to use engineered gauge fields that can mimic the effect of electric fields and produce the same dynamical behavior. Here, we demonstrate such an electric field for photons propagating in a two-dimensional synthetic space. We achieve this using a linearly time-varying gauge field generated by direction-dependent phase modulations. We show that the generated electric field leads to Bloch oscillations and the revival of the state after a certain number of steps dependent on the field strength. We measure the probability of the revival and demonstrate good agreement between the observed values and the theoretically predicted results. Furthermore, by applying a nonuniform electric field, we show the possibility of waveguiding photons. Ultimately, our results open up new opportunities for manipulating the propagation of photons with potential applications in photonic quantum simulations.

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Experimental band structure spectroscopy along a synthetic dimension

Cited by 124 publications

References 76 publications

Mode-Locked Topological Insulator Laser Utilizing Synthetic Dimensions

Mode-Locked Topological Insulator Laser Utilizing Synthetic Dimensions

Topological phases in ring resonators: recent progress and future prospects

Guiding and confining of light in a two-dimensional synthetic space using electric fields

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