Experimental aspects of CuO reduction in solar-driven reactors: Comparative performance of a rotary kiln and a packed-bed

Alonso, Elisa; Pérez-Rábago, Carlos; Licurgo, Javier; Gallo, A.; Fuentealba, Edward; Estrada, Claudio A.

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2017.01.011

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The Cu-based redox couple was also tested experimentally with a directly-irradiated rotary kiln solar reactor ( Fig. 21f-g) using the HoSIER solar furnace at IER-UNAM in Mexico 231,232 .…”

Section: Reactormentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar Energy on Demand: A Review on High Temperature Thermochemical Heat Storage Systems and Materials

et al. 2019

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Among renewable energies, wind and solar are inherently intermittent and therefore both require efficient energy storage systems to facilitate a round-the-clock electricity production at global scale. In this context, concentrated solar power (CSP) stands out among other sustainable technologies because it offers the interesting possibility of storing energy collected from the sun as heat, by sensible, latent or thermochemical means. Accordingly, continuous electricity generation in the power block is possible even during off-sun periods, providing CSP plants with a remarkable dispatchability. Sensible heat storage has been already incorporated to commercial CSP plants. However, due to its potentially higher energy storage density, thermochemical heat storage (TCS) systems emerge as an attractive alternative for the design of next generation power plants, which are expected to operate at higher temperatures. Through these systems, thermal energy is used to drive endothermic chemical reactions, which can subsequently release the stored energy when needed through a reversible exothermic step. This review analyzes the status 2 of this prominent energy storage technology, its major challenges and future perspectives, covering in detail the numerous strategies proposed for the improvement of materials and thermochemical reactors. Thermodynamic calculations allow selecting high energy density systems, but experimental findings indicate that sufficiently rapid kinetics and long-term stability trough continuous cycles of chemical transformation are also necessary for practical implementation. In addition, selecting easy to handle materials with reduced cost and limited toxicity is crucial for large-scale deployment of this technology. In this work, the possible utilization of materials as diverse as metal hydrides, hydroxides or carbonates for thermochemical storage is discussed. Furthermore, especial attention is paid to the development of redox metal oxides, such as Co3O4/CoO, Mn2O3/Mn3O4 and perovskites of different compositions, as an auspicious new class of TCS materials due to the advantage of working with atmospheric air as reactant, avoiding the need of gas storage tanks. Current knowledge about the structural, morphological and chemical modifications of these solids, either caused during redox transformations, or induced wittingly as a way to improve their properties, is revised in detail. In addition, the design of new reactors concepts proposed for the most efficient use of TCS in concentrated solar facilities is also critically considered. Finally, strategies for the harmonic integration of these units in functioning solar power plants, as well as the economic aspects are also briefly assessed.

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“…The Cu-based redox couple was also tested experimentally with a directly-irradiated rotary kiln solar reactor ( Fig. 21f-g) using the HoSIER solar furnace at IER-UNAM in Mexico 231,232 .…”

Section: Reactormentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar Energy on Demand: A Review on High Temperature Thermochemical Heat Storage Systems and Materials

et al. 2019

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“…MO (red) + α O 2 (g) → MO (ox) + Heat (3) In particular, Co 3 O 4 /CoO and Mn 2 O 3 /Mn 3 O 4 are known to be the most promising redox systems, while CuO/Cu 2 O also demonstrates suitable TCES properties [20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Ab(s) + Heat (Csp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for the copper oxide (CuO/Cu 2 O), it has been studied for air separation applications [23], but has also attracted attention for TCES application as it presents high energy storage capacity, 811 kJ/kg [21,25] and the reaction temperature is suitable to be used with CSP [21,22,25]. However, the melting point of copper oxide is very close to the transition temperature and sintering issues are increased, which is not convenient to achieve a good cycling stability [25]. The onset temperature for the reduction of copper oxide was measured around 1028 • C under 20% O 2 /Ar (Table 1) during the sample heating up [7].…”

Section: Ab(s) + Heat (Csp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed Metal Oxide Systems Applied to Thermochemical Storage of Solar Energy: Benefits of Secondary Metal Addition in Co and Mn Oxides and Contribution of Thermodynamics

2018

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Thermochemical energy storage is promising for the long-term storage of solar energy via chemical bonds using reversible redox reactions. The development of thermally-stable and redox-active materials is needed, as single metal oxides (mainly Co and Mn oxides) show important shortcomings that may delay their large-scale implementation in solar power plants. Drawbacks associated with Co oxide concern chiefly cost and toxicity issues while Mn oxide suffers from slow oxidation kinetics and poor reversibility. Mixed metal oxide systems could alleviate the above-mentioned issues, thereby achieving improved materials characteristics. All binary oxide mixtures of the Mn-Co-Fe-Cu-O system are considered in this study, and their properties are evaluated by experimental measurements and/or thermodynamic calculations. The addition of Fe, Cu or Mn to cobalt oxide decreased both the oxygen storage capacity and energy storage density, thus adversely affecting the performance of Co3O4/CoO. Conversely, the addition of Fe, Co or Cu (with added amounts above 15, 40 and 30 mol%, respectively) improved the reversibility, re-oxidation rate and energy storage capacity of manganese oxide. Computational thermodynamics was applied to unravel the governing mechanisms and phase transitions responsible for the materials behavior, which represents a powerful tool for predicting the suitability of mixed oxide systems applied to thermochemical energy storage.

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“…However, these carbonates require structural stabilization to hinder sintering at high reaction temperature. Co3O4/CoO and Mn2O3/Mn3O4 are well known to be the most promising redox systems, while CuO/Cu2O also show good properties for TCES application [22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Cobalt metallic oxides provide fast reaction activity, complete reversibility, and high energy density with cyclic stability and transition temperature in CSP application (892 °C).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From Equations (1) and (2), heat was supplied to the compound to store solar energy in the form of chemical energy. When this system integrated with the CSP system, continuous energy production was possible in cloudy or dark skies [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. The following Equations (1) and (2) can express the redox reactions mechanisms during charging-discharging processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical Energy Storage Performance Analysis of (Fe,Co,Mn)Ox Mixed Metal Oxides

Dessie

Lougou

et al. 2021

Catalysts

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Metal oxide materials are known for their ability to store thermochemical energy through reversible redox reactions. Metal oxides provide a new category of materials with exceptional performance in terms of thermochemical energy storage, reaction stability and oxygen-exchange and uptake capabilities. However, these characteristics are predicated on the right combination of the metal oxide candidates. In this study, metal oxide materials consisting of pure oxides, like cobalt(II) oxide, manganese(II) oxide, and iron(II, III) oxide (Fe3O4), and mixed oxides, such as (100 wt.% CoO, 100 wt.% Fe3O4, 100 wt.% CoO, 25 wt.% MnO + 75 wt.% CoO, 75 wt.% MnO + 25 wt.% CoO) and 50 wt.% MnO + 50.wt.% CoO), which was subjected to a two-cycle redox reaction, was proposed. The various mixtures of metal oxide catalysts proposed were investigated through the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), energy dispersive X-ray (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. The effect of argon (Ar) and oxygen (O2) at different gas flow rates (20, 30, and 50 mL/min) and temperature at thermal charging step and thermal discharging step (30–1400 °C) during the redox reaction were investigated. It was revealed that on the overall, 50 wt.% MnO + 50 wt.% CoO oxide had the most stable thermal stability and oxygen exchange to uptake ratio (0.83 and 0.99 at first and second redox reaction cycles, respectively). In addition, 30 mL/min Ar–20 mL/min O2 gas flow rate further increased the proposed (Fe,Co,Mn)Ox mixed oxide catalyst’s cyclic stability and oxygen uptake ratio. SEM revealed that the proposed (Fe,Co,Mn)Ox material had a smooth surface and consisted of polygonal-shaped structures. Thus, the proposed metallic oxide material can effectively be utilized for high-density thermochemical energy storage purposes. This study is of relevance to the power engineering industry and academia.

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Experimental aspects of CuO reduction in solar-driven reactors: Comparative performance of a rotary kiln and a packed-bed

Cited by 19 publications

References 47 publications

Solar Energy on Demand: A Review on High Temperature Thermochemical Heat Storage Systems and Materials

Solar Energy on Demand: A Review on High Temperature Thermochemical Heat Storage Systems and Materials

Mixed Metal Oxide Systems Applied to Thermochemical Storage of Solar Energy: Benefits of Secondary Metal Addition in Co and Mn Oxides and Contribution of Thermodynamics

Thermochemical Energy Storage Performance Analysis of (Fe,Co,Mn)Ox Mixed Metal Oxides

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