Experimental and theoretical study of the evolution of fluid-suspended graphene morphology driven by an applied electric field and the attainment of ultra-low percolation threshold in graphene-polymer nanocomposites

Percolation Threshold and Depression in Properties of Polymer Nanocomposites

“…At interphase polymer chains can have steric confinement, reducing their mobility and dipoles mobility 5 , modifying crystallinity and chain network 12,39,40 . Concerning the effects of interphase on the Tg, it is important to highlight that there are opposing mechanisms acting, which make the influence on the glass transition temperature not so clear.…”

“…The knowledge of the percolation threshold is also important because it may be used as a point of optimization of properties, for example, controlling the dispersed phase and decreasing the percolation threshold 10 to achieve conductive nanocomposites with an ultra-low percolation threshold 11,12 , or to predict the approximation of discrete parts of interphases 7 , or even to simulate and measure the percolation in experimental studies 13,14 .…”

Modeling the evolution of graphene agglomeration and the electrical and mechanical properties of graphene/polypropylene nanocomposites

“…It is the larger value of these two percolation thresholds that dictates the percolation condition of the entire composite. 19 That is also why agglomeration tends to increase the overall percolation threshold and plays an impedimental role in electrical conductivity. Since agglomerates are spheres, percolation threshold of the composite with spherical agglomerates embedded in the matrix is known to occur at c à R ¼ 1=3.…”

“…14,15 Segregated structure of nanofillers in composites is usually constructed from latex blending to achieve an extremely low percolation threshold while holding a relatively higher electrical conductivity. 16,17 As for the filler agglomeration, several works revealed that it tends to impede the properties, that is, it will lower the effective elastic modulus and electrical conductivity [18][19][20] while increasing the percolation threshold. Despite the significant amount of works on composites with homogeneously dispersed graphene fillers, there are very few studies that focus on the formation of graphene agglomerates, and the influence of agglomerate aspect ratio and size on the electrical and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites.…”

Single pixel wide gamut dynamic color modulation based on graphene micromechanical system

“…Among many nanomaterials, two-dimensional (2D) materials have emerged as promising candidates for mechanical and optoelectronic applications [1][2][3]. Especially, graphene with an atomically thin structure (atomlayers distance of ∼0.335 nm) exhibits a higher rigidity than steel (specific surface area of 2500 m 2 /g), a stronger conductivity than copper [4][5][6], remarkable mechanical and photoelectric properties (young's modulus of up to ∼1 TPa and charge-carrier mobility up to 20000 cm 2 v −1 s −1 ) [7][8][9][10][11], and a special experiment ductility (20%) [12,13], thus making it an ideal candidate for micro-and nanoelectromechanical systems (MEMS and NEMS) [14][15][16][17]. In addition, the suspended graphene material eliminates the interaction with the substrate, and give them the freedom of movement, which makes it has been widely used in applications of MEMS devices [18][19][20][21][22], such as mechanical resonators [23,24], high performance sensors [25][26][27][28][29][30], electronic switches [31,32], microphones [33], and high resolution displays [34][35][36].…”