“…Unwanted frost growth on surfaces in freezing atmospheric conditions is a safety, environmental, and economical concern. Active mechanical, thermal, and chemical antifrost techniques are energy- and time-consuming, often detrimental to the environment. , Recently, research groups have focused on optimizing passive antifrost techniques using low surface energy superhydrophobic surfaces , that delay frost nucleation or reduce the frost adhesion strength to surfaces. , Much of the focus is on condensation-frosting, , a common phenomenon in which supercooled condensate droplets freeze by interdroplet icing (ice-bridging) , because of an invading ice-wave front nucleated at the edges or surface defects (referred to as heterogenous ice nucleation) . Prevention of frost nucleation is not practical because of inherent surface defects formed during fabrication steps and/or suspended dust particles in the ambient atmosphere, which serve as nucleation sites. , Therefore, research has mostly focused on delaying the frost propagation (growth), reducing the frost surface coverage area, and enhancing defrosting efficiency. ,, In this study, defrosting efficiency is defined as the defrosted surface area per unit time (μm 2 /s).…”