Experimental and theoretical investigation on water desalination using air gap membrane distillation

Khalifa, Atia E.; Lawal, Dahiru U.; Antar, Mohamed A.; Khayet, M.

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2015.08.016

Cited by 113 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The results showed that the thermal effciency increased with the increase of feed inlet temperature, as shown in Figure 4b, which is in agreement with the theoretical results [55,63,65]. Thermal efficiency is high because the vapor pressure is high and the heat loss by conduction is low at higher feed temperatures.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Although higher feed temperature is beneficial for high flux, energy consumption and the process thermal efficiency of the MD process should be considered when the operating temperature and other parameters are optimized [23]. The thermal efficiency is expressed as [44,63]:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also noticible that TPC values are higher at higher feed concentrations for all membranes. where K is the solute mass transfer coefficient, which is evaluated using analogy of the Graetz-Lévêque equation [63]:…”

Section: Fig 4amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of operating parameters and membrane characteristics on air gap membrane distillation performance for the treatment of highly saline water

Singh

Amy

et al. 2016

Journal of Membrane Science

155

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In this study, ten different commercially available PTFE, PP and PVDF membranes were tested in desalination of highly saline water by air gap membrane distillation (AGMD). Process performance was investigated under different operating parameters, such as feed temperatures, feed flow velocities and salt concentrations reaching 120 g/L, and different membrane characteristics, such as membrane material, thickness, pore size and support layer, using a locally designed and fabricatd AGMD module and spacer. Results showed that increasing feed temperature increases permeate flux regardless of the feed concentration. However, feed flow velocity does not significantly affect the flux, especially at low feed temperatures. The PP membrane showed a better performance than the PVDF and PTFE membranes. Permeate flux decreases with the increase of salt concentration of feed solution, especially at higher concentrations above 90 g/L. The existence of membrane support layer led to a slight decrease of permeate flux. Membranes with pore sizes of 0.2 and 0.45 m gave the best performance. Smaller pore size led to lower flux and larger pore size led to pore wetting due to lower LEP values . The effect of concentration polarization and temperature polarization has also been studied and compared. Highlights Ten different membranes were tested in desalination of highly saline water by AGMD  Effect of operating parameters and membrane characteristics on flux are studied  The effect of concentration polarization (CP) and temperature polarization (TP) is discussed  CP has a lower effect than TP on flux regardless of the feed concentration

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of operating parameters and membrane characteristics on air gap membrane distillation performance for the treatment of highly saline water

Singh

Amy

et al. 2016

Journal of Membrane Science

155

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“…11. It was demonstrated that the effect of the condensation temperature in the cold channel of the AGMD is less important compared to the evaporation temperature of the hot channel seawater (Khalifa et al, 2015). On the other hand an increase of the temperature of the seawater supply in the cold channel of the MD unit reduces the COP inst .…”

Section: Accepted Manuscript Figure 8: Evolution Of Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of heat pumps for simultaneous heating and cooling using CO2

Diaby

Byrne

Maré

2019

International Journal of Refrigeration

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“…In the direct contact membrane distillation process, Duong [6] optimized the thermal efficiency of the brine, so that the water recycling rate ranges from 20 to 60% and the energy consumption can be reduced by more than half. Khalifa [7] and other studies have used air gap membrane distillation to produce distilled water, and the influence of feed temperature and air gap width on the system performance was obtained. In addition, solar energy as a clean energy was also widely used to produce distilled water, for example, Reif et al [8] used solar energy to desalination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distilled Water Production by Vacuum Heat Pump

Liu¹,

Cai²,

Tianyin³

et al. 2018

Desalination and Water Treatment

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A new machine to produce distilled water was provided, which includes a heat pump system and a vacuum system. And in the vacuum system of this new machine, the ejector is the key component. Three kinds of ejectors were studied by using FLUENT software to simulate their parameters. The simulation results showed that a vacuum is formed in the ejector throat, where the speed also reached its maximum value. The optimized ratio between the area of the throat and that of the mixing section can be obtained according to theoretical calculations. The ejector with the ratio 0.0156 can be used to prepare distilled water, and the experimental results show that the energy consumption of 1 kilogram distilled water is lower than 0.3 kWh. In the heat pump system, the capillary is the key component. Five kinds of capillaries were studied by using CFD software to simulate their parameters. The simulation results showed that the larger the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant in the capillary, the larger the liquid volume fraction of the outlet refrigerant. The experimental results show that suitable capillary can greatly improve the efficiency of the system.

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Experimental and theoretical investigation on water desalination using air gap membrane distillation

Cited by 113 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of operating parameters and membrane characteristics on air gap membrane distillation performance for the treatment of highly saline water

Effect of operating parameters and membrane characteristics on air gap membrane distillation performance for the treatment of highly saline water

Simulation of heat pumps for simultaneous heating and cooling using CO2

Distilled Water Production by Vacuum Heat Pump

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