Experimental and theoretical characterization of optical signal out-coupling through V-grooved optical fiber cladding

Abstract

Abstract. We demonstrate a highly efficient in-fiber outcoupling device. The core mode is coupled to the cladding by a tilted fiber Bragg grating and then the cladding mode is out-coupled from the optical fiber through V-grooved cladding. The light emitting characteristics are investigated experimentally and a maximum out-coupling efficiency of 54.8% is obtained.

Simultaneous transmission of <inline-formula><math display="inline" overflow="scroll"><mrow><mn>2.5</mn><mtext>-</mtext><mi>Gb</mi><mo>∕</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi></mrow></math></inline-formula> baseband and <inline-formula><math display="inline" overflow="scroll"><mrow><mn>5.8</mn><mtext>-</mtext><mi>GHz</mi></mrow></math></inline-for

“…We previously reported the fiber in-line-type bidirectional optical subassembly using the tilted TFG and V-grooved cladding. [7][8][9] The multiplexed optical signals are received and converted to electrical signals and then amplified by the preamplifier. The amplified multiplexed signals are demultiplexed by the demultiplexer ͑DEMUX͒ and distributed to the target services, respectively.…”

Novel bidirectional optical subassembly with embedded filter, <inline-formula><math display="inline" overflow="scroll"><mrow><mn>45</mn><mtext>-degree</mtext></mrow></math></inline-formula> angle polished fiber cladding and etched fiber core

“…Therefore, to out-couple the cladding mode, one side of the cladding region was etched and the other side was not. 7 In this case, only about onehalf of the total power can be out-coupled because of the structural limitation. In contrast to the FBG, because the LPFG converts the core mode to the cladding mode maintaining the same propagation direction, whole power can be out-coupled by the total internal reflection ͑TIR͒ effect at the polished cladding surface.…”

“…[4][5][6] On the other hand, in our previous works, as a optical WDM filter, the tilted fiber Bragg grating ͑TFBG͒, which can be embedded into the optical fiber, was suggested. 7,8 These methods did not require a type of freespace process for filter alignment.…”