Experimental and Theoretical Characterization of an AC Electroosmotic Micromixer

Sasaki, Naoki; Kitamori, Takehiko; Kim, Haeng‐Boo

doi:10.2116/analsci.26.815

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This type of mixer, however, requires extra fabrication steps and additional experimental setup often (Hsiung et al 2007;Niu et al 2006). Active micromixers can be categorized according to external energy inputs: acoustic disturbance (Frommelt et al 2008;Ahmed et al 2009;Yaralioglu et al 2004), dielectrophoretic disturbance (Gadish and Voldman 2006;Lee and Voldman 2007), asymmetric post arrays (Hsiung et al 2007;Wang et al 2007), electrohydrodynamic instability (El Moctar et al 2003), electroosmotic disturbance (Sasaki et al 2006(Sasaki et al , 2010, static magnetic field (Goet et al 2009), magnetic immobilization of magnetic beads (Hirschberg et al 2009;LundOlesen et al 2008), and electrokinetically driven mixing (Lee et al 2004;Yan et al 2009;Wu and Li 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Millisecond-order rapid micromixing with non-equilibrium electrokinetic phenomena

Lee

Kim

2011

Microfluid Nanofluid

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We report an active micromixer utilizing vortex generation due to non-equilibrium electrokinetics near micro/nanochannel interfaces. Its design is relatively simple, consisting of a U-shaped microchannel and a set of nanochannels. We fabricated the micromixer just using a two-step reactive ion etching process. We observed strong vortex generation in fluorescent microscopy experiments. The mixing performance was evident in a combined pressure-driven and electroosmotic flows, compared with the case with a pure pressure-driven flow. We characterized the micromixer for several conditions: different applied voltages, ion concentrations, flow rates, and nanochannel widths. The experimental results show that the mixing performance is better with a higher applied voltage, a lower ion concentration, and a wider nanochannel width. We quantified the mixing characteristics in terms of mixing time. The lowest mixing time was 2 milliseconds with the voltage of 230 V and potassium chloride solutions of 0.1 mM. We expect that the micromixer is beneficial in several applications requiring rapid mixing.Keywords Micromixers Á Rapid mixing Á Electroosmosis of the second kind Á Non-equilibrium electrokinetics Á Nanochannels

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Millisecond-order rapid micromixing with non-equilibrium electrokinetic phenomena

Lee

Kim

2011

Microfluid Nanofluid

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“…The AC voltage applied to the electrodes was 20 V, and frequency varied from 1 to 5 kHz. The results showed that the higher the electrode voltage, the higher the mixing efficiency; a maximum mixing efficiency of 92% was achieved at 1 kHz. Huang et al presented a novel mixing technique using a four‐phase travelling‐wave electrode array.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and numerical simulation of a novel microfluidic electroosmotic micromixer with three electrode pairs

Chen

2019

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND Miniaturization of experimental instruments in the field of biochemistry and medicine has become more and more common. A major trend in microfluidic technology is the miniaturization of experimental instruments. The relatively simple design and fabrication of active micromixers has attracted more and more attention. RESULTS In this paper, we design and simulate a novel electroosmotic micromixer that uses microelectrodes located in microchannel walls. The study first compares the mixing effect of the micromixer without and with electrodes, and then investigates the effects of the number of electrode pairs, the value of the alternating voltage and the AC frequency on the mixing performance. CONCLUSION When the electroosmotic micromixer has three electrode pairs at alternating voltage of 10 V and alternating frequency of 16 Hz, the best mixing efficiency can reach 98.2%. We call this micromixer TEEM (three electrode electroosmotic micromixer). At the same flow velocity, the mixing efficiency of TEEM is 30% higher than the electrodeless micromixer. This paper provides an effective theoretical support for the design of active electroosmotic micromixers, and provides a potential application value for further research and manufacture of electroosmotic micromixers used in biomedicine. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…Sasaki et al (25) describe the development of an electroosmotic micromixer. In this study, on the bottom surface of a channel, a pair of electrodes having a sinusoidal inter electrode gap was arranged in parallel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Method of Constructing an Electroosmotic Micromixer with Double-Side Electrodes for Biotechnological Applications

2015

Sensors and Materials

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In this study, we provide a simple, low-cost, and novel method of constructing microelectrodes on both sides of a fluid microchannel to be utilized as an electroosmotic micromixer. The electrodes mounted on both sides of the microchannel provide unique characteristics for biological studies, electrokinetics, dielectrophoresis, and so forth. The fabrication process includes optical lithography, layer deposition to create electrodes, accurate alignment, and bonding of two wafers. Compared with other methods used for fabricating electrodes on both sides of microchannels, the method proposed in this study does not require very difficult and complex experimental conditions, cumbersome processes and expensive equipment. The distribution of the electric field is numerically analyzed for two electrode arrangements. The numerical analysis shows that the efficiency of the electrodes mounted on both sides of the microchannel is higher than that of the electrodes mounted on one side. The proposed technique is a good alternative to the one-side electrodes and other double-side electrode configurations for electroosmotic micromixers. The process simplicity provides an easy way of constructing microelectrodes on both sides of the microchannel for mixing fluids.

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Experimental and Theoretical Characterization of an AC Electroosmotic Micromixer

Cited by 28 publications

References 12 publications

Millisecond-order rapid micromixing with non-equilibrium electrokinetic phenomena

Millisecond-order rapid micromixing with non-equilibrium electrokinetic phenomena

Design and numerical simulation of a novel microfluidic electroosmotic micromixer with three electrode pairs

A Novel Method of Constructing an Electroosmotic Micromixer with Double-Side Electrodes for Biotechnological Applications

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