Experimental and theoretical analysis of relaxation-oscillations and spectral hole burning effects in all-optical gain-clamped EDFA's for WDM networks

Luo, Gangming; Zyskind, J.L.; Nagel, J.A.; Ali, M.A.

doi:10.1109/50.664059

Cited by 86 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…이 방법은 빠른 이득회복속도와 외부 조 정을 필요로 하지 않는다는 점 때문에 매력적이다. 이 방식 에서, 파장 홀번잉(spectral hole burning) 효과에 의한 순간적 인 이득 변화가 단점으로 작용하는데 [9,10] , 이를 극복하기 위 해 이중 병렬 공진기 구조나 [11] , 단일 공진기에 이중 레이징 신호 발생 구조 [12] , 이득 포화기 사용 [13] …”

Section: Figunclassified

Automatic Gain Flattening Control and Automatic Gain Control Using an All Optical Method in an Optical Amplifier

Choi¹,

Lee²

2009

Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics

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Our amplifier using an all optical method and a fixed GFF achieved automatic gain flatness throughput the C-band without any NF degradation, and simultaneously achieved a constant 25 dB gain, while input signals were varied between one channel and forty WDM channels. When thirty nine channels were added and dropped, the transient gain variation of the survival channel was not greater than the steady-state gain variation, and its wavelength dependency was negligible.

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Section: Figunclassified

Automatic Gain Flattening Control and Automatic Gain Control Using an All Optical Method in an Optical Amplifier

Choi¹,

Lee²

2009

Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics

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“…This is actually a worse scenario than distributing the power into several channels spread over different wavelengths across the C-band, as it happens in a real system. In fact in the latter case, the negative effect of spectral hole burning (SHB) [7] is reduced.…”

Section: A Experiments Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Benefits of Optical Gain-Clamped Amplification in Optical Burst Switching Networks

Zannin

Ennser

Taccheo

et al. 2009

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Abstract-This paper investigates the performance of an all-optical method for amplification gain control to be applied in the next generation of optical networks. An erbium-doped fiber amplifier is implemented in a simple and passive all-optical configuration known as optical gain-clamped optical amplifier (OA). The paper investigates the dynamic performance of the OA and discusses the interplay of amplifier dynamics with different traffic statistics. The investigation concerns exhaustive characterization of bit error rate performances under typical optical burst switching (OBS) traffic as well as special case of sudden power variation at the amplifier input. All obtained results show a reduction in the amplifier output power overshot compared to the case where the same OA operates without any gain stabilization technique. As an example, in the typical OBS traffic scenario, a reduction of 3 dB is observed.

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“…Residual gain ripple, often on the order of 1 dB or less, and diminished GEF effectiveness due to non-uniform channel loading, can result in significant wavelength-dependent gain error [8]. Spectral hole burning (SHB) can cause further gain variations dependent on the local channel configuration, particularly near the short wavelength EDFA gain peak [12].…”

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confidence: 99%

Applied Constant Gain Amplification in Circulating Loop Experiments

Smyth

Kilper²,

Chandrasekhar³

et al. 2009

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Abstract-The reconfiguration of channel or wavelength routes in optically transparent mesh networks can lead to deviations in channel power that may impact transmission performance. A new experimental approach, applied constant gain, is used to maintain constant gain in a circulating loop enabling the study of gain error effects on long-haul transmission under reconfigured channel loading. Using this technique we examine a number of channel configurations and system tuning operations for both full-span dispersion-compensated and optimized dispersion-managed systems. For each system design, large power divergence was observed with a maximum of 15 dB at 2240 km, when switching was implemented without additional system tuning. For a bit error rate of 10 3 , the maximum number of loop circulations was reduced by up to 33%.Index Terms-Applied constant gain, circulating loop, EDFA gain dynamics, erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), reconfigurable WDM networks, simulated constant gain, optically transparent mesh networks, WDM channel power deviation.

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Experimental and theoretical analysis of relaxation-oscillations and spectral hole burning effects in all-optical gain-clamped EDFA's for WDM networks

Cited by 86 publications

References 7 publications

Automatic Gain Flattening Control and Automatic Gain Control Using an All Optical Method in an Optical Amplifier

Automatic Gain Flattening Control and Automatic Gain Control Using an All Optical Method in an Optical Amplifier

On the Benefits of Optical Gain-Clamped Amplification in Optical Burst Switching Networks

Applied Constant Gain Amplification in Circulating Loop Experiments

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