Experimental and Simulation Studies on Nitrogen Dynamics in Unsaturated and Saturated Soil Using HYDRUS-2D

Mekala, C.; Nambi, Indumathi M.

doi:10.1016/j.protcy.2016.08.089

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The HYDRUS-2D inverse solution function was previously applied to evaluate the migration of oil water in the sand columns based on experimental data. 48,50 2.5. Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the Role of Nanobubbles in the Fate and Transport of Spilled Oil on Shorelines

Wang

Lee

et al. 2023

ACS EST Water

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Nanobubbles (NBs) generated by wave breaking and shearing are abundant and stable in the ocean. However, few studies have focused on the effects of NBs in the fate and transport of pollutants in the shoreline environment. In this study, the properties of NBs were determined, as well as the influencing factors. The role of NBs in the fate and transport of spilled oil were further investigated. The results showed that NBs significantly increased the concentration of dissolved oxygen as well as changed the pH, zeta potential, and surface tension of the water. Low salinity favored the generation of NBs, while high salinity inhibited this process. The surface active materials played a positive role in the generation and stabilization of NBs. With the assistance of external energy, the bulk NBs enhanced the efficiency in oil detachment from the surface of the substrate. At the same time, the surface NBs on the substrate obstructed the downward transport of oil colloids. Considering the behavior between the NBs in two different phases and the oil droplets, the oil droplets tended to bind to the NBs. This study demonstrates that NBs can play a significant role in the environmental behaviors of pollutants in the coastal areas.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… S = K d C β 1 + η C β where K d (cm 3 /g) is the partition coefficient and β and η are empirical coefficients. The HYDRUS-2D inverse solution function was previously applied to evaluate the migration of oil water in the sand columns based on experimental data. , …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Role of Nanobubbles in the Fate and Transport of Spilled Oil on Shorelines

Wang

Lee

et al. 2023

ACS EST Water

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“…For example, the HYDRUS model is widely used for estimations of vadose zone processes [5]. It can be used for salt leaching evaluation [34], water and potassium movement simulations [35], for tracking nitrogen dynamics in unsaturated and saturated soil [36], and for modeling water flow and fertilization scenarios [37]. HYDRUS-2D was also used for modeling water and nitrate transport in a potato field [38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Soil Hydraulic Parameters and Evaluation of Water Dynamics and Nitrate Leaching in the Unsaturated Layered Zone: A Modeling Case Study in Central Croatia

et al. 2021

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Nitrate leaching through soil layers to groundwater may cause significant degradation of natural resources. The aims of this study were: (i) to estimate soil hydraulic properties (SHPs) of the similar soil type with same management on various locations; (ii) to determine annual water dynamics; and (iii) to estimate the impact of subsoil horizon properties on nitrate leaching. The final goal was to compare the influence of different SHPs and layering on water dynamics and nitrate leaching. The study was conducted in central Croatia (Zagreb), at four locations on Calcaric Phaeozem, Calcaric Regosol, and Calcaric Fluvic Phaeozem soil types. Soil hydraulic parameters were estimated using the HYPROP system and HYPROP-FIT software. Water dynamics and nitrate leaching were evaluated using HYDRUS 2D/3D during a period of 365 days. The amount of water in the soil under saturated conditions varied from 0.422 to 0.535 cm3 cm–3 while the hydraulic conductivity varied from 3 cm day−1 to 990.9 cm day−1. Even though all locations have the same land use and climatic conditions with similar physical properties, hydraulic parameters varied substantially. The amount and velocity of transported nitrate (HYDRUS 2D/3D) were affected by reduced hydraulic conductivity of the subsoil as nitrates are primarily transported via advective flux. Despite the large differences in SHPs of the topsoil layers, the deeper soil layers, having similar SHPs, imposed a buffering effect preventing faster nitrate downward transport. This contributed to a very similar distribution of nitrates through the soil profile at the end of simulation period. This case study indicated the importance of carefully selecting relevant parameters in multilayered soil systems when evaluating groundwater pollution risk.

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“…It has been established that excessive application of nitrogen leads to nitrate pollution of groundwater and surface water [16,17]. Leaching of NO 3 2− below the root zone can be affected by a range of factors, including fertilizer application rates and the timing of applications [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Modeling of Soil Water Flow and Nitrogen Dynamics in a Tomato Field Irrigated with Municipal Wastewater

Agah¹

2021

Recent Advances in Numerical Simulations

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Because of water scarcity, reduction of annual rainfall and the use of wastewater in agriculture, there is a need for research to evaluate the potential impacts of using such sources on hydraulic soil properties and groundwater quality. Nitrate loss from the area under cultivation and regular use of fertilizer and wastewater is a major reason for non-point source contamination on agricultural lands. Numerical model, Hydrus-1D used to simulate soil nitrate in soil cultivated with tomato-crop during the growing period, in North-East Iran. A randomized completely blocked design with five irrigation treatments with different sources of nitrogen was applied. Comparison between simulated and measured soil moisture content shows that the model can follow the temporal variation of soil water content. However, some over estimation of the measured data was observed during the simulation period. To evaluate the Hydrus model performance with respect to nitrogen transport and transformations, the simulated nitrogen concentrations (NH4-N and NO3-N) are compared for different treatments at different depths of soil profile, (7.5, 22.5, 37.5, 52.5 and 120 cm from soil surface). It takes about 4 days to convert 90% of urea into ammonium and it takes about 70 days to convert 90% of ammonium into nitrate. However, urea concentrations decreased with time between irrigations as a result of hydrolysis. As expected, at 3.73 days, the urea was concentrated near the surface, immediately after fertigation. Ammonium remained concentrated in the immediate in the top soil at all times for all treatments. There was only slight movement, because of soil adsorption and subsequent fast nitrification and/or root uptake. In contrast to ammonium, nitrate moved continuously downwards during the 28-day simulation period, as nitrate is not adsorbed, whereas denitrification was assumed negligible. Leaching percentages were smaller for nitrate wastewater compared to nitrate- fertilizer, and manure. Base on simulation results treated municipal wastewater by an aerated lagoon can be used as a valuable source of irrigation without causing contamination of groundwater.

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Experimental and Simulation Studies on Nitrogen Dynamics in Unsaturated and Saturated Soil Using HYDRUS-2D

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

Exploring the Role of Nanobubbles in the Fate and Transport of Spilled Oil on Shorelines

Exploring the Role of Nanobubbles in the Fate and Transport of Spilled Oil on Shorelines

Determination of Soil Hydraulic Parameters and Evaluation of Water Dynamics and Nitrate Leaching in the Unsaturated Layered Zone: A Modeling Case Study in Central Croatia

Numerical Modeling of Soil Water Flow and Nitrogen Dynamics in a Tomato Field Irrigated with Municipal Wastewater

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