Experimental and Process Modelling Study of Integration of a Micro-turbine with an Amine Plant

Agbonghae, Elvis O.; Best, Thom; Finney, Karen N.; Font-Palma, Carolina; Hughes, Kevin J.; Pourkashanian, Mohamed

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2014.11.114

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Agbonghae et al [106] performed simulations using a validated model of the Turbec T100 mGT integrated with an amine-based (MEA) chemical absorption plant in Aspen Plus. The optimum liquid/gas (L/G) ratios and the lean CO 2 loading for 90% capture is reported in Table 7 for flue gases of 3 to 8 mol% CO 2 content.…”

Section: Carbon Capture Plantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Small-Scale Carbon Capture Systems for Micro-Combined Heat and Power Applications

2022

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To restrict global warming and relieve climate change, the world economy requires to decarbonize and reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions to net-zero by mid-century. Carbon capture and storage (CCS), and carbon capture and utilization (CCU), by which CO2 emissions are captured from sources such as fossil power generation and combustion processes, and further either reused or stored, are recognized worldwide as key technologies for global warming mitigation. This paper provides a review of the latest published literature on small-scale carbon capture (CC) systems as applied in micro combined heat and power cogeneration systems for use in buildings. Previous studies have investigated a variety of small- or micro-scale combined heat and power configurations defined by their prime mover for CC integration. These include the micro gas turbine, the hybrid micro gas turbine and solid-state fuel cell system, and the biomass-fired organic Rankine cycle, all of which have been coupled with a post-combustion, amine-based absorption plant. After these configurations are defined, their performance is discussed. Considerations for optimizing the overall system parameters are identified using the same sources. The paper considers optimization of modifications to the micro gas turbine cycles with exhaust gas recirculation, humidification, and more advanced energy integration for optimal use of waste heat. Related investigations are based largely on numerical studies, with some preliminary experimental work undertaken on the Turbec T100 micro gas turbine. A brief survey is presented of some additional topics, including storage and utilization options, commercially available CC technologies, and direct atmospheric capture. Based on the available literature, it was found that carbon capture for small-scale systems introduces a large energy penalty due to the low concentration of CO2 in exhaust gases. Further development is required to decrease the energy loss from CC for economic feasibility on a small scale. For the micro gas turbine, exhaust gas recirculation, selective gas recirculation, and humidification were shown to improve overall system economic performance and efficiency. However, the highest global efficiencies were achieved by leveraging turbine exhaust waste heat to reduce the thermal energy requirement for solvent regeneration in the CC plant during low- or zero-heating loads. It was shown that although humidification cycles improved micro gas turbine cycle efficiencies, this may not be the best option to improve global efficiency if turbine waste heat is properly leveraged based on heating demands. The biomass-organic Rankine cycle and hybrid micro gas turbine, and solid-state fuel cell systems with CC, are in early developmental stages and require more research to assess their feasibility. However, the hybrid micro gas turbine and solid-state fuel cell energy system with CC was shown numerically to reach high global efficiency (51.4% LHV). It was also shown that the biomass-fired organic Rankine cycle system could result in negative emissions when coupled with a CC plant. In terms of costs, it was found that utilization through enhanced oil recovery was a promising strategy to offset the cost of carbon capture. Direct atmospheric capture was determined to be less economically feasible than capture from concentrated point sources; however, it has the benefit of negative carbon emissions.

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Section: Carbon Capture Plantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Small-Scale Carbon Capture Systems for Micro-Combined Heat and Power Applications

2022

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“…The numerical model has been validated against experimental data from Agbonghae et al [15] for two specific operating points, defined by their Liquid to Gas (L/G), which is the ratio between solvent and flue gas mass flow rates. The comparison between experimental and numerical results is provided in Table 1 for L/G ratios of 1.86 kg/kg and 3.77 kg/kg, respectively.…”

Section: Simulation Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption-based carbon capture energy penalty reduction for micro gas turbine applications: investigation of advanced carbon capture configurations.

Antoine¹,

Verhaeghe²,

Dubois³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Applying post-combustion Carbon Capture (CC) offers a solution to reduce CO2 emissions of micro Gas Turbines (mGTs).However, the conventional monoethanolamine-based (MEA) absorptionregeneration process was never found economically feasible for these small scales (5-500 kWe) due to the high energy consumption of this CC process, degrading the plant performance. Improving the CC configuration can help to reduce the CC energy penalty. To this end, two advanced configurations are investigated, the Rich Solvent Recycle (RSR) and the Rich Solvent Split (RSS) configurations, and applied to a typical mGT, namely the Turbec T100, through thermodynamic cycle modeling in Aspen Plus. The optimal operating parameters were first determined for each configuration to minimize the energy consumption. The results showed that by applying RSR and RSS, the CC reboiler duty could be reduced by 2% and 0.9%, respectively, compared to the conventional one. Moreover, the increase in mGT electrical efficiency is limited to 0.04% for both processes, demonstrating that such configurations do not provide significant benefits for mGT applications.

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“…The CC model has been validated against experimental values from Agbonghae et al [14] for two specific operating point, defined by their Liquid to Gas ratio (L/G), which is the ratio between solvent and flue gas mass flow rates. The comparison between experimental and numerical results is presented in Table 2 for L/G of 1.86 kg/kg and 3.77 kg/kg, respectively.…”

Section: Carbon Capture Modelling and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Capture Performance Assessment Applied to Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Under Part-Load Operation

Verhaeghe

Dubois

Bricteux

et al. 2022

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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The growing share of renewable energies in our electricity production, together with the still lacking storage capacity, strongly reinforces the need for more flexible electricity production units. In this context, combined cycle gas turbines (CCGTs) have a role to play, both in the current and future electricity production system due to their high efficiency, high load flexibility, and low CO2 emissions compared to other conventional thermal power plants. Nevertheless, bearing in mind our current challenges concerning climate change, the CO2 emissions of these CCGTs need to be reduced drastically. The amine-based absorption carbon capture (CC) process is currently the most mature and applicable CC technology. This process is known to require a considerable amount of thermal energy, degrading plant performance. However, to back-up renewable production, CCGTs will operate most of the time under part-load conditions. The impact of these part-load operations on the CC is still relatively unknown. Within this framework, this study aims to assess the performance of the CC process applied to a typical CCGT under part-load operation using specific simulation models. The CC plant model has been successfully validated against experimental data from a pilot-scale capture facility. Then, the CC plant has been scaled-up to the CCGT scale and the process has been optimized for each operating condition. The simulation results show that the specific reboiler duty increases for part-load operation, while the specific cooling requirements decrease. Moreover, the analysis of the yearly CCGT operation highlights a relative increase in CC energy penalty of 21% for an annual CCGT load factor of 0.5, impacting significantly plant performance. The next step will involve reducing this energy penalty.

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Experimental and Process Modelling Study of Integration of a Micro-turbine with an Amine Plant

Cited by 12 publications

References 5 publications

Recent Advances in Small-Scale Carbon Capture Systems for Micro-Combined Heat and Power Applications

Recent Advances in Small-Scale Carbon Capture Systems for Micro-Combined Heat and Power Applications

Absorption-based carbon capture energy penalty reduction for micro gas turbine applications: investigation of advanced carbon capture configurations.

Carbon Capture Performance Assessment Applied to Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Under Part-Load Operation

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