Experimental and Numerical Study of Viscoelastic Properties of Polymeric Interlayers Used for Laminated Glass: Determination of Material Parameters

Hána, Tomáš; Janda, Tomáš; Schmidt, Jaroslav; Zemanová, Alena; Šejnoha, Michal; Eliášová, Martina; Vokáč, Miroslav

doi:10.3390/ma12142241

Cited by 36 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The model matched the experiment very well and provided much better estimation than a one-glass-layer limit. For quasi-static loading of laminated glass, the presented examples also validated the time-/temperature-dependent material properties of the ethylene-vinyl acetate or polyvinyl butyral interlayers derived recently by the authors in [ 28 ]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…In the present study, we exploit the results of our extensive experimental program reported in [ 28 ]. Therein, small three-layer cylindrical samples were loaded in dynamic torsion or dynamic single-lap shear under different ambient temperatures and applied frequencies.…”

Section: Experimental Testing On Laminated Glassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we rely on layer-wise models as an efficient tool for the analysis of multilayered plates that can provide a response comparable to 3D analyses [ 26 , 27 ]. For the interlayer, we tried to replace the originally viscoelastic time/temperature-dependent model [ 28 ] with an elastic one to simplify the simulations, while still obtaining reliable results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase-Field Fracture Modelling of Thin Monolithic and Laminated Glass Plates under Quasi-Static Bending

et al. 2020

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A phase-field description of brittle fracture is employed in the reported four-point bending analyses of monolithic and laminated glass plates. Our aims are: (i) to compare different phase-field fracture formulations applied to thin glass plates, (ii) to assess the consequences of the dimensional reduction of the problem and mesh density and refinement, and (iii) to validate for quasi-static loading the time-/temperature-dependent material properties we derived recently for two commonly used polymer foils made of polyvinyl butyral or ethylene-vinyl acetate. As the nonlinear response prior to fracture, typical of the widely used Bourdin–Francfort–Marigo model, can lead to a significant overestimation of the response of thin plates under bending, the numerical study investigates two additional phase-field fracture models providing the linear elastic phase of the stress-strain diagram. The typical values of the critical fracture energy and tensile strength of glass lead to a phase-field length-scale parameter that is challenging to resolve in the numerical simulations. Therefore, we show how to determine the fracture energy concerning the applied dimensional reduction and the value of the length-scale parameter relative to the thickness of the plate. The comparison shows that the phase-field models provide very good agreement with the measured stresses and resistance of laminated glass, despite the fact that only one/two cracks are localised using the quasi-static analysis, whereas multiple cracks evolve during the experiment. It was also observed that the stiffness and resistance of the partially fractured laminated glass can be well approximated using a 2D plane-stress model with initially predefined cracks, which provides a better estimation than the one-glass-layer limit.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Experimental Testing On Laminated Glassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase-Field Fracture Modelling of Thin Monolithic and Laminated Glass Plates under Quasi-Static Bending

et al. 2020

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“…and their typically high sensitivity to frequency is shown in Figure 3 (selected examples reproduced from [7,17,22]). In this regard, literature projects have been dedicated to the mechanical characterization of interlayers in use for LG systems, under the assumption of various severe conditions of temperature or time loading (i.e., [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]). As far as the interlayer composition and the test method both modify; however, different mechanical properties can be derived for a given interlayer material [31].…”

Section: Beammentioning

confidence: 99%

Issues on the Vibration Analysis of In-Service Laminated Glass Structures: Analytical, Experimental and Numerical Investigations on Delaminated Beams

Bedon

2019

Applied Sciences

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Load-bearing laminated glass (LG) elements take the form of simple members in buildings (i.e., columns, beams, and plates) or realize stand-alone assemblies, where glass and other traditional constructional materials can interact. Among several relevant aspects, the dynamic response of LG structures requires dedicated methods of analysis, towards the fulfilment of safe design purposes. A combination of multiple aspects must be taken into account for dynamic calculations of even simple LG elements when compared to static conditions, first of all the sensitivity of common interlayers to the imposed vibration frequency. The challenge is even more complex for the vibration serviceability assessment of in-service LG structures, where the degradation of materials and possible delamination effects could manifest, hence resulting in structural performances that can markedly differ from early-design conditions. Major uncertainties can be associated to the actual mechanical characterization of materials in use (especially the viscoelastic interlayers), as well as the contribution of restraints (as compared to ideal boundaries) and the possible degradation of the bonding layers (i.e., delaminations). All of these aspects are examined in the paper, with the support of extended analytical calculations, on-site experimental measurements, and parametric Finite Element (FE) numerical analyses. When compared to literature efforts accounting for ideal boundaries only, an analytical formulation is proposed to include the effects of flexible restraints in the dynamic performance of general (double) LG beams. Special care is also spent for the presence of possible delaminations, including size and position effects. In the latter case, existing formulations for composite laminates are preliminarily adapted to LG beams. Their reliability and accuracy is assessed with the support of test predictions and parametric FE simulations.

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“…Moreover, this study provides also validation of material parameters of two interlayer foils obtained in the previous step of the project [3]. The paper is organised as follows: Section 2 introduces the 2D plane-stress model and presents the constitutive relationships.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Euler and Exponential Algorithm in Viscoelastic Analyses of Laminated Glass

Schmidt

Zemanová

2020

APP

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Laminated glass combines two remarkable materials: glass and a polymer ply. While glass is stiff and brittle, the polymer ply is a rate-dependent compliant material. Together, they form a material which keeps the aesthetic value of glass, and due to the polymer, no fragile collapse appears. The polymer ply exhibits time- and temperature-dependency, whereas glass suffers from brittle fracture, which makes the analysis difficult. In this article, a 2D sectional plane-stress model for the viscoelastic analysis of laminated glass is presented. This study presents one step in the development of a phase-field-based damage solver for laminated glass to select the optimal time-integration scheme for a quasistatic-analysis and later also for dynamics. The validation against experimental data is provided, and the model reduction is also discussed.

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Experimental and Numerical Study of Viscoelastic Properties of Polymeric Interlayers Used for Laminated Glass: Determination of Material Parameters

Cited by 36 publications

References 33 publications

Phase-Field Fracture Modelling of Thin Monolithic and Laminated Glass Plates under Quasi-Static Bending

Phase-Field Fracture Modelling of Thin Monolithic and Laminated Glass Plates under Quasi-Static Bending

Issues on the Vibration Analysis of In-Service Laminated Glass Structures: Analytical, Experimental and Numerical Investigations on Delaminated Beams

Euler and Exponential Algorithm in Viscoelastic Analyses of Laminated Glass

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