Experimental and numerical investigations of the factors affecting the S-type Pitot tube coefficients

Kang, Wanmo; Trang, Nguyen Doan; Lee, Saeng Hee; Choi, Hae-Man; Shim, Jae Sig; Jang, Hee Soo; Choi, Yong Moon

doi:10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2014.11.006

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The yaw and pitch angle dependence of the S-type Pitot tubes has been investigated by several authors in the past [11][12][13][14]. For the purpose of this paper we use data published in [11] in Figure 4-12 of this reference.…”

Section: ( )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most common methods used as the standard reference method (SRM) for flow rate measurement in stacks is the measurement of speed of the gas with S-type Pitot tubes in a grid of points inside the stack [3][4][5]. Accurate measurement using this method is challenging especially when non-axial velocity components are present since the indication of the S-type Pitot tube is sensitive to the orientation of the Pitot head with respect to the gas flow direction [11][12][13][14]. The standards [5,9] describe how to identify and measure the tangential velocity component (swirl) in a stack with the Pitot tube and [3] then introduces a correction for the swirl that is applied if the swirl angle (yaw angle) exceeds 15°.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flow rate measurement in stacks with cyclonic flow – Error estimations using CFD modelling

Geršl¹,

Knotek²,

Belligoli³

et al. 2018

Measurement

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Two methods of flow measurement in stacks are investigated to determine their errors in presence of cyclonic flow. One methodbased on velocity measurements with a Pitot tube in a grid of pointsis the standard reference method according to EN ISO 16911-1. The second methodultrasonic flow measurementis often used as the automated measurement system in stacks according to EN ISO 16911-2. Several typical stack configurations are considered and the flow field in the stacks is obtained using validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling with OpenFoam software. We show that possible errors of the standard reference method due to the cyclonic flow are significant compared to the requirements of the EU's Emissions Trading System. For the ultrasonic flow meter we compare various configurations (number, orientation, position) of the ultrasound beams and we demonstrate the flow profile pre-investigation by CFD as prescribed in section 8.3 of EN ISO 16911-2.

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Section: ( )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow rate measurement in stacks with cyclonic flow – Error estimations using CFD modelling

Geršl¹,

Knotek²,

Belligoli³

et al. 2018

Measurement

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“…The uncertainty of the calibration coefficient is one of the major contributions to the overall uncertainty of the the velocity [5]. Thus, the use of a single mean value for C d can have a large effect on the uncertainty of flow rate.…”

Section: Flow Rate Measurement Using Cole Type Pitot Tubementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Pitot tube calibration on the uncertainty of water flow rate measurement

Buscarini

Barsaglini

Jabardo

et al. 2015

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…Another source of error, associated with the use of S-type Pitot tubes and examined in [ 2 ], is due to the inclined gas velocity vectors in presence of non-axial velocity components: the contribution of this error, estimated under the specific conditions simulated in [ 2 ], is up to 2.5%. Measurements were carried out in a wind tunnel, in different experimental conditions and geometries in [ 3 ], yielding similar results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopic Techniques versus Pitot Tube for the Measurement of Flow Velocity in Narrow Ducts

D’Amato¹,

Viciani²,

Montori³

et al. 2020

Sensors

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In order to assess the limits and applicability of Pitot tubes for the measurement of flow velocity in narrow ducts, e.g., biomass burning plants, an optical, dual function device was implemented. This sensor, based on spectroscopic techniques, targets a trace gas, injected inside the stack either in bursts, or continuously, so performing transit time or dilution measurements. A comparison of the two optical techniques with respect to Pitot readings was carried out in different flow conditions (speed, temperature, gas composition). The results of the two optical measurements are in agreement with each other and fit quite well the theoretical simulation of the flow field, while the results of the Pitot measurements show a remarkable dependence on position and inclination of the Pitot tube with respect to the duct axis. The implications for the metrology of small combustors’ emissions are outlined.

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Experimental and numerical investigations of the factors affecting the S-type Pitot tube coefficients

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Flow rate measurement in stacks with cyclonic flow – Error estimations using CFD modelling

Flow rate measurement in stacks with cyclonic flow – Error estimations using CFD modelling

Impact of Pitot tube calibration on the uncertainty of water flow rate measurement

Spectroscopic Techniques versus Pitot Tube for the Measurement of Flow Velocity in Narrow Ducts

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