Experimental and numerical investigation on galling behavior in sheet metal forming process

A review: advancements in fluoro-based polymers for aggrandizing anti-galling and wear resistant characteristics

“…This significant research ignited the curiosity of many researchers to further scrutinize the fundamentals of galling not only under the action of friction but also to be consider effectuate of applied load. Dong [27] and his team experimented and tried to probe the corollary of applied contact pressure along with the sliding distance on macro-galling. They stimulated sheet metal forming process and performed the tests through square cup drawing method and their elucidations has been summarized in the Table 1.…”

“…Dong [27] and his team also tried to understand galling at atomic level, and established atomistic galling mechanism at drawing die(coated with TiC)workpiece(α-Fe) interface by adopting first principle calculations. For establishing interface model, TiC (100)/α-Fe (110) interface was chosen as a most stable surface between TiC and Fe, owing to the optimal values of lattice constant, bulk modulus, surface energy (as compiled in the Table 2) and the lattices depicting lower mismatched.…”

“…4) greater than that of surface energy of α-Fe, imputing that it is easier to break bonds of Fe subinterface upon work separation than to disintegrate bonds at the interface and as consequence, there was potential separation at Fe subinterface along with diffusion of Fe atoms towards TiC slab owing to strong adhesive energy at TiC(100)/α-Fe on application of external loads. They reported that it could be a possible atomistic reason for the adherence of steel sheet towards die in sheet metal forming process [27]. From the various galling mechanisms discussed above, it can be concluded that the overall result from all the transitions is rubbing between two materials, leading to transfer and localized adhesion between them, and ultimately causing the phenomenon of galling.…”

“…During whole manufacturing process, the tool design has a significant role in the initiation of galling and it is highly vulnerable to the surface roughness of tool (without coating) rather than surface irregularities of the sheet [31]. Zhou et al [32], Yangui et al [33] and Dong et al [27] in this context researchers had reported that the commencement and progression of galling originates at the mould radius (i.e. around 0° to 70°) during forming process during which there is a severe plastic deformation of sheet metal, inducing adhesion of sheet material to the surface of the tool and hence galling occurs.…”

Numerical prediction of the galling of aluminium alloys in cold strip drawing

“…In this model, galling starts as soon as the lubricant film thickness is diminished to the maximum tool roughness causing direct metal-to-metal contact. Dong et al have proposed a numerical approach of galling prediction based on the Archard's wear model [DON16]. The model is implemented in a FE software and is used to compute wear depth along the die surface.…”