Experimental and numerical investigation of liquid-metal free-surface flows in spallation targets

Batta, A.; Class, Andreas G.; Litfin, K.; Wetzel, Th.; Moreau, Vincent; Massidda, Luca; Thomas, Sarah; Lakehal, Djamel; Angeli, Diego; Losi, Gabriele; Mooney, Kyle; Tichelen, Katrien Van

doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2014.11.009

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Thermal hydraulic studies of the free surface about HLM targets have become important recently in the innovation nuclear reactors designs. The free surface formed in HLM targets has been researched by both simulations and experiments by some groups focusing on the target designs [ 17 – 21 ]. The multi-propose hybrid research reactor for high-tech applications (MYRRHA) is currently in design at Mol/Beigium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MYRRHA’s first design was tested using water and the experiments were performed at the University Catholic de Louvain (UCL) [ 22 ]. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, accounting for mass transfer across the free surface, were conducted with the Volume of Fluid method (VOF) [ 17 , 23 – 27 ]. The experimental results from UCL demonstrated the capabilities of the VOF method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are also other free-surface simulation methods, such as Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian Moving-Mesh Algorithm (ALE-MMA) [ 25 ] and the Large Eddy and Interface Simulations (LEIS). Furthermore, the Smoothed-Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) approach employed as one of the methods for the spallation target design proposed by the European Spallation Source (ESS) is reported [ 17 , 28 ]. Measurements showed that the surface in the target is stable in a wide range of operating conditions, apart from small surface waves and no major fluctuations of the free surface shape were observed [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary research on flow rate and free surface of the accelerator driven subcritical system gravity-driven dense granular-flow target

Wan

Zhang

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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A spallation target is one of the three core parts of the accelerator driven subcritical system (ADS), which has already been investigated for decades. Recently, a gravity-driven Dense Granular-flow Target (DGT) is proposed, which consists of a cylindrical hopper and an internal coaxial cylindrical beam pipe. The research on the flow rate and free surface are important for the design of the target whether in Heavy Liquid Metal (HLM) targets or the DGT. In this paper, the relations of flow rate and the geometry of the DGT are investigated. Simulations based on the discrete element method (DEM) implementing on Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) and experiments are both performed. It is found that the existence of an internal pipe doesn’t influence the flow rate when the distance from the bottom of the pipe to orifice is large enough even in a larger system. Meanwhile, snapshots of the free surface formed just below the beam pipe are given. It is observed that the free surface is stable over time. The entire research is meaningful for the design of DGT.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary research on flow rate and free surface of the accelerator driven subcritical system gravity-driven dense granular-flow target

Wan

Zhang

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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“…Accordingly, there is less literature focusing on metal melt experiments with detailed jet development and breakup processes. Hence, the work of Batta et al presents both experimental and numerical results of a free‐surface flow of a heavy liquid metal as a coolant and spallation target in a research reactor with the intent to investigate the transmutation of high‐level nuclear waste. The validation of the VOF simulations shows good quantitative results for the analyzed free surface data of different flow rates compared to the experiment.…”

Section: Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influencing Parameter Study on Primary Breakup of Free Falling Steel Melt Jets Using Volume of Fluid Simulation

Neumann

Dubberstein

Chaves

et al. 2016

steel research int.

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The free falling liquid steel jet behavior is numerically investigated using implicit large eddy simulations (ILES) and the volume of fluid (VOF) approach. The research is focused on primary breakup phenomena near the nozzle using the standard open-source computational fluid dynamics library OpenFOAM. To quantify the influence of process and constructional parameters exclusively for the structure of a free falling liquid steel jet, several central conditions are explored. The calculations concentrate on disturbances at the nozzle inlet due to adverse inflow conditions. The jet behavior is caused by an asymmetrical lift of the stopper rod and a liquid steel rotation in the tundish based on the magnetic heating process, which is transported into the nozzle due to the conservation of angular momentum. The calculations with adjusted rotation show distinct influences with developing structures like helix or hollow-cone-shaped jets. Differences are observed based on the nozzle type. In particular, a tube nozzle (constant diameter) and an industrial nozzle setup (divergent-convergent shape) are investigated. The inflow conditions have a large influence on the tube nozzle, where the outflow is delayed and the jet disintegrates. However, the industrial nozzle type shows less impact, but the jet surface is in general more corrugated and disturbed.

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“…The approach is based on simplical meshes; all cells and faces are simplexes. Validation of serial computations based on our fully-adaptive simplicial mesh approach can be found in numerous works: Dai and Schmidt [4], Quan et al [16], Mooney et al [17], Mooney and Schmidt [18], Dieter-Kissling et al [14], Dieter-Kissling et al [19], and Batta et al [20], among others. A validation example is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parallel adaptive simplical re-meshing for deforming domain CFD computations

Menon

Mooney

Stapf³

et al. 2015

Journal of Computational Physics

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Deforming domains occur in many fields of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), such as interface tracking, simulation of pumps and engines, and fluid/structure interaction. The deformation of the domain presents a challenge to the integrity of the computational mesh; substantial motion of the domain boundaries requires vertex motion and changes in mesh connectivity. For cases of simple boundary motion or structured meshes, predetermined changes to the mesh structure can be sufficient. However, without a priori knowledge of how the domain will change, a more robust solution is required. The present work offers a parallelized solution for simplical meshes that is well-suited to extremely complex geometry. The mesh continuously evolves without user intervention or the use of target meshes. Varying length scales imposed by evolving boundary curvatures and narrow gaps are resolved with a fast length-scale algorithm. The set of algorithms are incorporated into an object-oriented code structure that permits broad application to a range of CFD problems. The robustness and versatility of the algorithm is demonstrated in several examples, representing motion of internal and external boundaries, where the boundary motion may or may not be known a priori.

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Experimental and numerical investigation of liquid-metal free-surface flows in spallation targets

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Preliminary research on flow rate and free surface of the accelerator driven subcritical system gravity-driven dense granular-flow target

Preliminary research on flow rate and free surface of the accelerator driven subcritical system gravity-driven dense granular-flow target

Influencing Parameter Study on Primary Breakup of Free Falling Steel Melt Jets Using Volume of Fluid Simulation

Parallel adaptive simplical re-meshing for deforming domain CFD computations

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