Experimental and Numerical Investigation of 3D Printing PLA Origami Tubes under Quasi-Static Uniaxial Compression

Chen, Weidong; Guo, Chengjie; Zuo, Xiubin; Zhao, Jian; Yang, Ping; Wang, Yixiao

doi:10.3390/polym14194135

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 53 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The study aimed to analyze the effect of the infill line distance of 3D-printed circular samples on their compressive elastic behavior during cyclic compressive loading [52]. In the paper presented in [53], uniaxial tensile responses of 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) samples following standard ASTM-D412 have been studied to characterize the mechanical properties at three temperatures: 30 • C, 40 • C, and 50 • C. Also, this study includes quasi-static compressive experiments performed on polymetric tubes with different temperatures. In ref.…”

Section: Three-dimensional Printing Of Pla Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermo-Mechanical Behavior and Strain Rate Sensitivity of 3D-Printed Polylactic Acid (PLA) below Glass Transition Temperature (Tg)

Slavković,

Hanželič,

Plesec

et al. 2024

Polymers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigated the thermomechanical behavior of 4D-printed polylactic acid (PLA), focusing on its response to varying temperatures and strain rates in a wide range below the glass transition temperature (Tg). The material was characterized using tension, compression, and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), confirming PLA’s strong dependency on strain rate and temperature. The glass transition temperature of 4D-printed PLA was determined to be 65 °C using a thermal analysis (DMTA). The elastic modulus changed from 1045.7 MPa in the glassy phase to 1.2 MPa in the rubber phase, showing the great shape memory potential of 4D-printed PLA. The filament tension tests revealed that the material’s yield stress strongly depended on the strain rate at room temperature, with values ranging from 56 MPa to 43 MPA as the strain rate decreased. Using a commercial FDM Ultimaker printer, cylindrical compression samples were 3D-printed and then characterized under thermo-mechanical conditions. Thermo-mechanical compression tests were conducted at strain rates ranging from 0.0001 s−1 to 0.1 s−1 and at temperatures below the glass transition temperature (Tg) at 25, 37, and 50 °C. The conducted experimental tests showed that the material had distinct yield stress, strain softening, and strain hardening at very large deformations. Clear strain rate dependence was observed, particularly at quasi-static rates, with the temperature and strain rate significantly influencing PLA’s mechanical properties, including yield stress. Yield stress values varied from 110 MPa at room temperature with a strain rate of 0.1 s−1 to 42 MPa at 50 °C with a strain rate of 0.0001 s−1. This study also included thermo-mechanical adiabatic tests, which revealed that higher strain rates of 0.01 s−1 and 0.1 s−1 led to self-heating due to non-dissipated generated heat. This internal heating caused additional softening at higher strain rates and lower stress values. Thermal imaging revealed temperature increases of 15 °C and 18 °C for strain rates of 0.01 s−1 and 0.1 s−1, respectively.

show abstract

Section: Three-dimensional Printing Of Pla Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermo-Mechanical Behavior and Strain Rate Sensitivity of 3D-Printed Polylactic Acid (PLA) below Glass Transition Temperature (Tg)

Slavković,

Hanželič,

Plesec

et al. 2024

Polymers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Study aimed to analyze the effect of the infill line distance of 3D printed circular samples on their compressive elastic behavior during cyclic compressive loading [52]. In the paper presented in [53], uniaxial tensile responses of 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) samples following standard ASTM-D412 have been studied to characterize the mechanical properties at three temperatures: 30 °C, 40 °C, and 50 °C. Also, this study includes, quasi-static compressive experiments are performed on polymetric tubes with different temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermo-Mechanical Uniaxial Compression of 4D Printed PLA in Wide Range of Strain Rates and Temperatures below Glass Transition Temperature T<sub>g</sub>

Slavković,

Hanželič,

Plesec

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper thermo-mechanical behavior of 4D printed Polylactic Acid (PLA) was investigated, focusing on its response to varying strain rates and temperatures below the glass transition temperature. Dynamic mechanical analysis and uniaxial tensile tests confirmed PLA's dependency on strain rate, showcasing its sensitivity to external stimuli. Stress-strain curves exhibited typical thermoplastic behavior, with yield stresses varying with strain rates, underscoring PLA's responsiveness to different deformation speeds. Clear strain rate dependence was observed, particularly at quasi-static rates, with temperature and strain rate fluctuations significantly influencing PLA's mechanical properties, including yield stress and deformation behavior. Isothermal compression tests demonstrated predictable stress-strain curves with distinct yield points, while adiabatic tests reveal additional complexities such as heat accumulation leading to further softening. Thermal imaging revealed temperature increase during deformation, highlighting the material's thermo-sensitive nature. These findings provide the basis for future research with the focus on advanced modeling techniques and mitigation strategies for self-heating effects, aiming to enhance PLA-based product reliability and performance in applications with deformations at higher strain rates, while also developing models to simulate shape recovery in 4D printed PLA structures at both cold and hot programming temperatures.

show abstract

“…The corresponding force-displacement curves displayed a high initial, undesirable peak of force. Chen et al [16] performed an experimental and numerical investigation of 3D-printed PLA origami tubes printed at 5 mm/min, but, once again, this was conducted under quasi-static uniaxial compression. Quanjin et al [17] studied the effect of the infill pattern, density, and material type of 3D-printed PLA cubic structures, also under quasi-static loading.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Compression Crash Simulations and Tests of PLA Cubes Fabricated Using Additive Manufacturing FDM with a Scaling Strategy

Garcia-Granada

2024

Computation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Impacts due to drops or crashes between moving vehicles necessitate the search for energy absorption elements to prevent damage to the transported goods or individuals. To ensure safety, a given level of acceptable deceleration is provided. The optimization of deformable parts to absorb impact energy is typically conducted through explicit simulations, where kinetic energy is converted into plastic deformation energy. The introduction of additive manufacturing techniques enables this optimization to be conducted with more efficient shapes, previously unachievable with conventional manufacturing methods. This paper presents an initial approach to validating explicit simulations of impacts against solid cubes of varying sizes and fabrication directions. Such cubes were fabricated using PLA, the most used material, and a desktop printer. All simulations could be conducted using a single material law description, employing solid elements with a controlled time step suitable for industrial applications. With this approach, the simulations were capable of predicting deceleration levels across a broad range of impact configurations for solid cubes.

show abstract

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of 3D Printing PLA Origami Tubes under Quasi-Static Uniaxial Compression

Cited by 5 publications

References 53 publications

Thermo-Mechanical Behavior and Strain Rate Sensitivity of 3D-Printed Polylactic Acid (PLA) below Glass Transition Temperature (Tg)

Thermo-Mechanical Behavior and Strain Rate Sensitivity of 3D-Printed Polylactic Acid (PLA) below Glass Transition Temperature (Tg)

Thermo-Mechanical Uniaxial Compression of 4D Printed PLA in Wide Range of Strain Rates and Temperatures below Glass Transition Temperature T<sub>g</sub>

High-Compression Crash Simulations and Tests of PLA Cubes Fabricated Using Additive Manufacturing FDM with a Scaling Strategy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About