“…Therefore, the total relative error is around 3%. The detailed procedure and conditions of the PIV measurement can be found in the work of Wang et al (2018) and Vanierschot et al (2014).…”
h i g h l i g h t s The VOF-LES-DSL model predicts the turbulent top-submerged lance flow well. 3D simulation is indispensable for capturing flow fluctuations. The flow characteristics are quantitatively described under industrial conditions.
“…Therefore, the total relative error is around 3%. The detailed procedure and conditions of the PIV measurement can be found in the work of Wang et al (2018) and Vanierschot et al (2014).…”
h i g h l i g h t s The VOF-LES-DSL model predicts the turbulent top-submerged lance flow well. 3D simulation is indispensable for capturing flow fluctuations. The flow characteristics are quantitatively described under industrial conditions.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.