Experimental and Clinical Studies with Fat Emulsion for Intravenous Nutrition

Hallberg, D; Schuberth, O; Wretlind, A

doi:10.1159/000175146

Cited by 32 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Lipids were first introduced into parenteral nutrition formulas in the 1960s in order to provide a more balanced supply of energy, along with glucose (13)(14)(15) . The lipid typically used in parenteral nutrition is soyabean oil, in which linoleic acid comprises about 50% of fatty acids present.…”

Section: Desirable Properties For Lipids To Be Used In Artificial Nutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rationale and use of n-3 fatty acids in artificial nutrition

Calder

2010

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Lipids traditionally used in artificial nutrition are based on n-6 fatty acid-rich vegetable oils like soyabean oil. This may not be optimal because it may present an excessive supply of linoleic acid. One alternative to the use of soyabean oil is its partial replacement by fish oil, which contains n-3 fatty acids. These fatty acids influence inflammatory and immune responses and so may be useful in particular situations where those responses are not optimal. Fish oil-containing lipid emulsions have been used in parenteral nutrition in adult patients post-surgery (mainly gastrointestinal). This has been associated with alterations in patterns of inflammatory mediators and in immune function and, in some studies, a reduction in length of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay. Perioperative administration of fish oil may be superior to post-operative. Parenteral fish oil has been used in critically ill adults. Here the influence on inflammatory processes, immune function and clinical endpoints is not clear, since there are too few studies and those that are available report contradictory findings. Fish oil is included in combination with other nutrients in various enteral formulas. In post-surgical patients and in those with mild sepsis or trauma, there is clinical benefit from a formula including fish oil and arginine. A formula including fish oil, borage oil and antioxidants has demonstrated marked benefits on gas exchange, ventilation requirement, new organ failures, ICU stay and mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute lung injury or severe sepsis.

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Section: Desirable Properties For Lipids To Be Used In Artificial Nutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rationale and use of n-3 fatty acids in artificial nutrition

Calder

2010

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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“…After Intralipid®, an artificial fat emulsion, is injected into the bloodstream, it is metabolized by LPL in the same manner in which chylomicrons are metabolized [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After injection into the bloodstream, the artificial fat emulsion accepts apolipoprotein E, C-II and C-III from high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and is then metabolized via first-order kinetics by lipoprotein lipase (LPL) [7,8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of an Intravenously Injected Fat Emulsion Reflect Postheparin Plasma Lipoprotein Lipase Mass and Activity

Sakuma

Ikeuchi

Hibino

et al. 2002

J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr.

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SummaryA study was conducted to determine whether the catabolism of an intravenously injected fat emulsion could be correlated with lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mass and activity in postheparin plasma. We observed the relationship between the fractional removal rate (K2) of an intravenously injected fat emulsion (Intralipid®) and LPL mass and activity in postheparin plasma of 20 normolipidemic and 21 hypertriglyceridemic subjects. The K2 level was determined by the intravenous fat emulsion tolerance test. LPL mass was measured by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay system. K2 was significantly correlated with the LPL mass in total group of subjects (r=0.51, p<0.001), as well as in normolipidemic (r=0.72, p<0.001) and hypertriglyceridemic (r=0.43, p<0.05) subgroups. K2 was also significantly correlated with LPL activity in the total group (r=0.40, p<0.05), as well as in the normolipidemic subjects (r=0.55, p<0.05). Kinetics following an intravenous injection of a fat emulsion reflect LPL mass and activity in postheparin plasma.

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“…Cette distinction doit inciter à la prudence dans l'interprétation des phénomènes observés. Divers protocoles ont été proposés pour les IVFTT, dont les méthodologies différentes rendent difficile la comparaison des résultats obtenus en valeur absolue (10,25,29,38,51).…”

Section: Aspects Méthodologiquesunclassified

Etude du coefficient d’épuration lipidique K<sub>2</sub> chez les sujets atteints d’hyperlipoprotéinémie de type IV avant et après réduction de l’hypertriglycéridémie par un traitement diététique adapté

Drouin¹,

Lambert²,

Méjean³

et al. 1979

Ann Nutr Metab

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An intravenous fat tolerance test (IV FTT) was performed in a group of patients with type IV hyperlipoproteinemia before and after reduction of triglyceride level, the latter is obtained through a diet adapted to the nutritional sensitivity, body weight remaining constant. Before the diet the increase in cholesterol (CT) and triglycerides (TG) was related in both obese and non-obese patients to an increase in very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), while other lipoprotein fractions were not affected. In these patients, K₂ is significantly lower than in controls whatever the nutritional sensitivity. However, K₂ is lower in obese patients than in patients with normal weight, VLDL-CT and VLDL-TG are tremendously reduced by the relevant diet and K₂ is constantly and significantly increased, although it does not reach a normal value in obese subjects. There is a highly significant correlation between VLDL-TG levels and K₂ in obese and non-obese subjects. Several physiopathological explanations are discussed to account for the variation of K₂ according to TG levels. The results obtained support the view that the K₂ defect is secondary to the hyperlipoproteinemia.

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Experimental and Clinical Studies with Fat Emulsion for Intravenous Nutrition

Cited by 32 publications

References 25 publications

Rationale and use of n-3 fatty acids in artificial nutrition

Rationale and use of n-3 fatty acids in artificial nutrition

Kinetics of an Intravenously Injected Fat Emulsion Reflect Postheparin Plasma Lipoprotein Lipase Mass and Activity

Etude du coefficient d’épuration lipidique K<sub>2</sub> chez les sujets atteints d’hyperlipoprotéinémie de type IV avant et après réduction de l’hypertriglycéridémie par un traitement diététique adapté

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