Experimental and Clinical Investigations Into the Resistance to Outflow of Aqueous Humour in Normal Subjects

Weekers, R; Watillon, M; Rudder, M. De

doi:10.1136/bjo.40.4.225

Cited by 53 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…We did not find a significant difference in total outflow facility across age groups covering the C57BL/6 mouse adult lifespan. This agreed with a number of human observations [30,31,32,33], but not other studies in humans [24,25,26,27,28,29] or primates [16,17]. It is possible that subtler facility differences existed, which to ascertain requires testing of significantly more animals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

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Total Outflow Facility in Live C57BL/6 Mice of Different Age

Yelenskiy

Chu

et al. 2017

Biomed Hub

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Purpose: To characterize total outflow facility across the live adult mouse lifespan as a reference for mouse glaucoma studies and the common C57BL/6 background strain. Methods: Microperfusion was performed by single-needle cannulation and feedback-controlled coupling of pressure and flow to maintain a constant pressure in the anterior chambers of live C57BL/6NCrl mice aged 3-4 months (n = 17), 6-9 months (n = 10), and 23-27 months (n = 12). This mouse age range represented an equivalent human age range of young adult to elderly. We characterized the following across age groups in vivo: (1) outflow facility based on constant pressure perfusion in a pressure range of 15-35 mm Hg, (2) perfusion flow rates, and (3) anterior segment tissue histology after perfusion. Thirty-nine live mice underwent perfusion. Results: Pressure-flow rate functions were consistently linear for all age groups (all R² > 0.96). Total outflow facility in mice aged 3-4, 6-9, and 23-27 months was 0.0066, 0.0064, and 0.0077 μL/min/mm Hg, respectively. Facility was not significantly different between age groups (all p > 0.4). The groups had closely overlapping frequency distribution profiles with right-sided tails. Post hoc estimates indicated that group facility differences of at least 50% would have been detectable, with this limit set mainly by inherent variability in the strain. A trend toward higher perfusion flow rates was seen in older mice aged 23-27 months, but this was not significantly different from that of mice aged 3-4 months or 6-9 months (p > 0.2). No histological disruption or difference in iridocorneal angle or drainage tissue structure was seen following perfusion in the different age groups. Conclusion: We did not find a significant difference in total outflow facility between different age groups across the live C57BL/6 mouse adult lifespan, agreeing with some human studies. The possibility that more subtle differences might exist ought to be judged with respect to the heterogeneity in facility at different ages. Our findings provide reference data for live perfusion studies pertaining to glaucoma involving the C57BL/6 strain.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Rhesus monkeys show a decline of outflow facility with age [16,17]. Human studies report reduced or unchanged outflow facility with age [24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Outflow Facility in Live C57BL/6 Mice of Different Age

Yelenskiy

Chu

et al. 2017

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“…This may be consistent with, and explained by, a tendency towards increased outflow resistance with age, as has been found by Weekers, Watillon & de Rudder (1956), Becker (1958) and Boles-Carenini & Cambiaggi (1959); these findings were contradicted, however, by the findings of Grant (1951), de Roetth & Knighton (1952 and Spencer, Helmick & Scheie (1955). Among patients with open angle glaucoma, a small size of eyeball is associated with high ocular tension and a large eyeball with lower (though still increased) ocular tension (Leighton & Tomlinson 1972).…”

Section: Implications In Open Angle Glaucomasupporting

confidence: 69%

Changes in Axial Length and Other Dimensions of the Eyeball With Increasing Age

Leighton

Tomlinson

1972

Acta Ophthalmologica

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A significant reduction in axial length of the eyeball with increasing age was found when one essentially normal eye of each of 72 persons was studied (p < 0.01). In 53 of these subjects, the horizontal diameter of the cornea also became less with increasing age (p < 0.01). Lens thickness became greater and anterior chamber depth less (p < 0.001 each). “Against‐the‐rule”, rather than “with‐the‐rule” corneal astigmatism was found in old age (p < 0.001). It is suggested that such a reduction in size of cornea and of the whole eyeball with increasing age would contribute to the shallowness of the anterior chamber in old age and in angle‐closure glaucoma. A reduction in the total circumference of the trabecular meshwork available for the escape of aqueous and also a diminution in calibre of the scleral openings concerned in uveo‐scleral bulk flow would also result from a reduction in size of cornea and sclera.

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“…In the light of the present knowledge, it appears that the bulk of aqueous humor outflow resistance is generated in or near the inner wall endothelium of Schlemm's canal and/or in juxtacanalicular trabecular meshwork (5,7,19) . Some explanations are given in an attempt to elucidate this situation: collapses of Schlemm's canal (20) , changes in inner wall pores (21) , ultrastructural modifications in the adhesions between the inner wall and the juxtacanalicular connective tissue (JCT) (22) and changes in the extracellular matrix of the JCT or the basement membrane of Schlemm's canal (23) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of thalamosinusotomy under different constant intraocular pressures on aqueous outflow facility in isolated porcine eyes

Mérula

Haefliger

Cronemberger

et al. 2008

Rev. bras.oftalmol.

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RESUMOObjetivo: Avaliar o efeito da thalamosinusotomia ab interno, que é um procedimento cirúrgico experimental similar a esclerotalamotomia ab interno, na drenagem do humor aquoso. Métodos: Olhos de porco enucleados foram perfundidos com solução fisiológica de Krebs-Ringer e azul de tripan, sob diferentes pressões constantes de perfusão, após o procedimento cirúrgico experimental. A facilidade de drenagem e os tecidos corados/não corados foram medidos. Resultados: A facilidade de drenagem e a área sob a curva (fluxo) aumentaram com o aumento do número de incisões da thalamosinusotomia (0 a 4). Olhos submetidos a thalamosinusotomia apresentaram mais tecido corado (conjuntiva, superfície externa e interna da esclera) que olhos submetidos a cirurgia sham, com diferença estatisticamente significativa (p< 0,05). Conclusões: Os resultados sugerem que a facilidade de drenagem aumenta com o aumento do número de thalamus, diferente vias de drenagem são estimuladas após a thalamosinusotomia, e a drenagem uveoscleral pode ser uma via importante após o procedimento cirúrgico experimental.

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Experimental and Clinical Investigations Into the Resistance to Outflow of Aqueous Humour in Normal Subjects

Cited by 53 publications

References 7 publications

Total Outflow Facility in Live C57BL/6 Mice of Different Age

Total Outflow Facility in Live C57BL/6 Mice of Different Age

Changes in Axial Length and Other Dimensions of the Eyeball With Increasing Age

The influence of thalamosinusotomy under different constant intraocular pressures on aqueous outflow facility in isolated porcine eyes

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