Experimental and Calculated Relative Permeability Data for Systems Containing Tension Additives

Abstract

Experimental and Calculated Relative Permeability Data for Systems Containing Permeability Data for Systems Containing Tension Additives American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, Inc. This paper was prepared for the Improved Oil Recovery Symposium of the Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, to be held in Tulsa, Okla., March 22–24, 1976. Permission to copy is restricted to an abstract of not more than 300 words. Illustrations may not be copied. The abstract should contain conspicuous acknowledgment of where and by whom the paper is presented. Publication elsewhere after publication in the JOURNAL paper is presented. Publication elsewhere after publication in the JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY or the SOCIETY OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERS JOURNAL is usually granted upon request to the Editor of the appropriate journal provided agreement to give proper credit is made. provided agreement to give proper credit is made. Discussion of this paper is invited. Three copies of any discussion should be sent to the Society of Petroleum Engineers office. Such discussion may be presented at the above meeting and with the paper, may be considered for publication in one of the two SPE magazines. Abstract In order to predict recoveries for low tension waterfloods, one must have information on the relative permeabilities of oil and water under conditions approaching miscibility. In this study relative permeability data were obtained by two conventional methods, the displacement method and the steady-state method, in fired Berea cores for a crude oil-water system containing tension reducing additives (surfactants). Four surfactants were utilized, two being preferentially water-soluble and the other two being preferentially oil-soluble but not to the same degree. From the measured data, equations were developed for calculating relative permeability data for the systems examined. As a test, the equations developed were utilized in a one-dimensional reservoir simulator program for computing laboratory waterflood performance. The comparison given in the paper shows that the calculated values were in good agreement with the measured results. Introduction In order to mathematically simulate laboratory waterfloods one must have accurate relative permeability data. These data are usually obtained in one of several ways, namely,Direct MethodsSteady-StateDisplacementStationary-PhaseNuclear Magnetic ResonanceIndirect Methods (by calculation, using proven equations)Naar-Wygal EquationsLand Equations The direct methods, as listed above, are much preferred over the indirect methods; however, a complete set of relative permeability data is rarely found.

An Experimental Study of the Influence of Interfacial Tension on Water–Oil Two-Phase Relative Permeability

“…To understand the process, many researchers have studied relative permeability with flow systems involving change in IFT. Among the earlier efforts, Talash (1976) presented a modified Naar-Wygel equation, an exponential function, to describe the relationship between relative permeability and normalized saturation under low IFT conditions. By comparing with laboratory measurements, the modified model was found to fit well for relative permeability curves near the two ends of saturation ranges, but not well for the middle portion of the curves.…”

The Influence of Interfacial Tension on Water/Oil Two-Phase Relative Permeability

“…To understand the process, many researchers have studied relative permeability with flow systems involving change in interfacial tension. Among the earlier efforts, Talash 3 presented a modified NaarWygel equation exponential function to describe the relationship between relative permeability and normalized saturation under low interfacial tension conditions. By comparing with laboratory measurements, the modified model was found to fit well for relative permeability curves near the two ends of saturation ranges, but not well for the middle portion of the curves.…”

Measurement of Three-Phase Relative Permeability With IFT Variation

“…Although there have been studies of the effect of low IFT on two-phase relative permeability, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] there are limited experimental data published so far analyzing the effect of low IFT on threephase relative permeabilities. 15,16 Most authors have focused on the effect of IFT on oil and solvent relative permeabilities.…”