Experimental and analytical investigation of solidification and melting characteristics of PCMs inside cylindrical encapsulation

Kalaiselvam, S.; Veerappan, M.; Aaron, Alex; Iniyan, S.

doi:10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2007.07.003

Cited by 102 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Kalaiselvam et al [28] presented an analytical solution to locate interface locations over time. They found that the total solidification time depends on Stefan number and heat generation parameter, whereas the total melting time depended on equivalent thermal conductivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Dynamic Melting Process in a Thermal Energy Storage Unit Using a Helical Coil Heat Exchanger

et al. 2017

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Abstract:In this study, the dynamic melting process of the phase change material (PCM) in a vertical cylindrical tube-in-tank thermal energy storage (TES) unit was investigated through numerical simulations and experimental measurements. To ensure good heat exchange performance, a concentric helical coil was inserted into the TES unit to pipe the heat transfer fluid (HTF). A numerical model using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach was developed based on the enthalpy-porosity method to simulate the unsteady melting process including temperature and liquid fraction variations. Temperature measurements using evenly spaced thermocouples were conducted, and the temperature variation at three locations inside the TES unit was recorded. The effects of the HTF inlet parameters were investigated by parametric studies with different temperatures and flow rate values. Reasonably good agreement was achieved between the numerical prediction and the temperature measurement, which confirmed the numerical simulation accuracy. The numerical results showed the significance of buoyancy effect for the dynamic melting process. The system TES performance was very sensitive to the HTF inlet temperature. By contrast, no apparent influences can be found when changing the HTF flow rates. This study provides a comprehensive solution to investigate the heat exchange process of the TES system using PCM.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Dynamic Melting Process in a Thermal Energy Storage Unit Using a Helical Coil Heat Exchanger

et al. 2017

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“…In short, TES systems that are subjected to exergy analysis and designed on the basis of exergy efficiency in addition to energy efficiency can achieve enhanced operational performance without sacrificing environmental sustainability [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55]. • Decrease of storage tanks cost, due to this system using only one tank • Low cost of the filler materials (rocks and sand) • In cost comparisons, the thermocline system is about 35% cheaper than the two-tank storage system, due to reduction of storage volume and elimination of one tank.…”

Section: Exergy and The Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Thermal Energy Storage Systems

Kalaiselvam

Parameshwaran²

2014

Thermal Energy Storage Technologies for Sustainability

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“…72,[76][77][78] In contrast, micro-encapsulation of PCM has recently attracted considerable attention [79][80][81][82][83][84][85] because it reduces the reactivity of the PCMs with the outside environment, increases the heat transfer area of the PCMs, and enables the core material to withstand frequent changes in the volume of the storage material during phase change. Table 4 lists trends in manufacturing methods for PCM capsules.…”

Section: Pcm Capsulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technology of Latent Heat Storage for High Temperature Application: A Review

2010

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Table 2. Thermophysical properties of proposed PCM candidates-sugar alcohol, molten salt, and metallicwith phase-changing point over 100°C.from steelworks 2) has more enthalpy at lower temperature but more exergy at a higher temperature over 100°C. Table 3 lists frequently selected keywords from the collected papers. Papers on LHS and PCM frequently used general keywords such as "phase-change material", "PCM", "thermal energy storage", and "latent heat". Apart from these, interestingly, "solar energy" was also frequently used; these papers dealt with PCMs that can store solar energy through melting for various utilities. Keywords such as "phase-change composites", "thermal conductivity", "shape-stabilized" should be noteworthy in that these are related to general problems encountered during the use of PCMs, that is, capsulation and low thermal conductivity. Recent Advancements in LHS Technology PCM CapsulesGenerally, because LHS mainly utilizes the phase change between solid and liquid, the encapsulation of the PCM is necessary to avoid the leakage of a liquid PCM. In addition, Regin et al. 70) noted the functions and requirements of PCM containment: (i) meeting the requirements of strength, flexibility, corrosion resistance, and thermal stability; (ii) acting as a barrier to protect the PCM from harmful interactions with the environment; (iii) providing a sufficient surface for heat transfer, and (iv) providing structural stability and easy handling. PCM capsules are classified into macroand microcapsules.Macrocapsules are the most conventional PCM capsules, and many papers have reported various shell materials such as metal and plastics, and various shapes such as spherical [71][72][73][74][75] and cylindrical. 72,[76][77][78] In contrast, micro-encapsulation of PCM has recently attracted considerable attention [79][80][81][82][83][84][85] because it reduces the reactivity of the PCMs with the outside environment, increases the heat transfer area of the PCMs, and enables the core material to withstand frequent changes in the volume of the storage material during phase change. Table 4 lists trends in manufacturing methods for PCM capsules. Many papers have reported the production of various microcapsules, and the manufacturing methods, core PCM materials, shell materials, thermophysical properties, and capsule sizes of the same have been studied. Micro-interfacial polymerization, 80) in-situ polycondensation, [81][82][83][84][85] and complex coacervation 79) are the most popular microen- ISIJ International, Vol. 50 (2010), No. 9 79,80) 1232© 2010 ISIJ proposed the encapsulation of spherical metal PCMs such as Cu and Pb with an electroplated Ni layer to recover industrial hightemperature waste heat such as combustion offgas. The PCM spherical capsule with Ni coverage provided hybrid functions of both heat storage and catalysis. Nickel worked well as a catalyst of the gas phase reaction CH 4 ϩH 2 Oϭ 3H 2 ϩCO at 1000°C.In summary, the encapsulation of low-temperature PCMs is a state-of-the-art technology; in p...

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Experimental and analytical investigation of solidification and melting characteristics of PCMs inside cylindrical encapsulation

Cited by 102 publications

References 19 publications

Investigation of the Dynamic Melting Process in a Thermal Energy Storage Unit Using a Helical Coil Heat Exchanger

Investigation of the Dynamic Melting Process in a Thermal Energy Storage Unit Using a Helical Coil Heat Exchanger

Assessment of Thermal Energy Storage Systems

Technology of Latent Heat Storage for High Temperature Application: A Review

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