Experimental analysis on the performance and emissions of diesel/butanol/biodiesel blended fuels in a flame tube boiler

Effect of Biodiesel on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engines

“…For Puranjiva(B90), Karanja(B90) and Jatropha(B90), CO emissions were 0.31%, 0.014% and 0.011% respectively. Maryam et al [16], on their researcher, found that CO emissions were lower than that of diesel. The tests were executed on a single cylinder, 4 stroke engine with animal fat biodiesel.…”

“…It produces NOX but is completely free of SOX. It produces less amount of hydrocarbons (HC), CO, PM and CO2 [5,16,17,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42].Wang et al [32] concluded that with increase in blending, NOX emissions also increases. Same Conclusion was given by Leila et al [13].On the other hand, a study tells that other emissions like total Hydrocarbon, Smoke Opacity and PM decreases with blending [43].…”

“…There are so many reasons for reduction of these emissions that researchers [16,17,21,43,63,64] have found such as high oxygen content, low carbon content, almost no sulphur content compared to that of diesel. Additives in biodiesel also affect these emissions and this has been observed by many studies.…”

“…In transesterification, the oil is converted chemically into its corresponding fatty ester [7]. E Duffy and J. Patrick conducted this test in 1853 and since then, lots of studies have been done on biodiesel till now using different oils like soybean oil [9,10], cotton seed [11][12][13][14], waste cooking oil [40], rapseed oil [14,16], Sunflower oil [14,17], Tyre pyrolysis oil [TPO] [18], Jatropha [7,10,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] and many others. A study tells that there are around 300 different kinds of oil seeds, amongst which "Oleander", "Bitter Groundnut" and Kusune are the only vegetable oils which are considered to be a potential alternatives fuel for CI Engines [27].…”

Evaluation of boiler performance with using of bio-ethanol absorbed wood pellets

“…Normally the wood pellet fuels are made by using of natural wastes (saw dust, wood chips, crop stalks, nuts, walnut shells etc) and formed into small size of cylindrical shapes, in general this pellets are formed different shapes and sizes based on the usage with standard procedure [5]. Wood waste are composed and separated to remove unwanted items present in the wood waste collection [6][7][8]. All the waste material of the wood are converted into the powder form by using of milling process.…”