Experimental Analysis of the Tensile Properties of Painting Canvas

Abstract

In this paper, the practical application of uniaxial testing of painting canvas for determining its mechanical properties is presented. Painting canvases have a complex composite structure whose mechanical properties are considerably improved in relation with the initial basic material. Painting canvas or coated fabrics are obtained by applying a certain number of coatings to raw fabrics. Experimental testing and determining mechanical properties of painting canvas under tensile force at different angles in relation to the weft direction are discussed in the paper. The fabrics were tested before coating, as well as after one, two and three coatings. The values of tensile force in relation to relative extension of coated textiles were measured, as well as breaking force values, elongation at break, contraction at break, work to rupture. Based on the experimentally obtained values, modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio and the level of anisotropy of the coated textile materials were calculated. The experimental results demonstrate the applicability of theoretical formulae. The number of coated layers on the raw fabric exerts a significant impact on the Poisson’s ratio. The values of breaking force, elongation at break, work to rupture and modulus of elasticity increase with an increase in the number of coated layers, and at the same time coefficient of anisotropy decrease. It has been shown that by increasing the number of coated layers in a coated material, its anisotropic properties decrease, while isotropic properties increase. With an increase in the number of coatings, the differences between experimental and theoretical values of modulus of elasticity decrease.

After the paint has dried: a review of testing techniques for studying the mechanical properties of artists’ paint

“…Researchers have studied the response of grounds to RH to determine ideal storage conditions and the effects of drying shrinkage on the formation of cracks within the ground [52,56]. The stiffness of canvas as a function of the orientation of the weave of the sample has also been explored using uniaxial extension, demonstrating that the stiffness is strongly dependent on the orientation that the load is applied to the canvas [53]. Samples comprised of multiple layers (i.e., paint-paint or canvaspaint) can provide some insights into the response of the composite to changes in temperature or relative humidity, but it becomes difficult to determine which aspects of the composite structure are contributing to those changes [40,57,59,64].…”