Experimental analysis of the performance of the air supply system in a 120 kW polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell system

Zhang, Baitao; Wang, Xuhui; Gong, Dapeng; Xu, Shuping

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.04.189

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…At such high pressure, the power consumption of air compressor is as high as 14.1 kW in Figure 3g and SI‐13. [ 13 , 14 , 15 ] Outstandingly, if the new integrated GDL has even better fuel cell performance at the low air back pressure of 50 kPa, the power consumption of air compressor is only 4.3 kW, which is only≈1/3 of commercial GDL. If the air back pressure is reduced to 0 kPa, the power consumption of air compressor can be even as low as 1.0 kW, which is only 1/14 of commercial GDL.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We calculate the driving range of fuel cell cars by replacing the commercial GDL with the new integrated GDL according to the publicly reported data (Figure S14 and Supporting Information 14, Supporting Information). [ 15 , 46 ] Figure 3h shows that the driving range can be increased from 575 km to 640 km by using the new integrated GDL, which is a 65 km improvement compared to commercial GDL. Therefore, the integrated GDL has high potential in saving enough energy to obviously improve the driving range of fuel cell cars, so that the fuel cell has a wider range of application scenarios.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 11 , 12 ] However, the higher back pressure of air requires a more powerful air compressor, which usually consumes ≈20% of total energy of the fuel cell system. [ 13 , 14 , 15 ] Such high energy consumption of air compressors is a significant drawback for the future application of fuel cells. Hence, reducing the back pressure of air is highly desirable to lower down the power of the air compressor and improve the overall energy efficiency of fuel cell system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A New Integrated GDL with Wavy Channel and Tunneled Rib for High Power Density PEMFC at Low Back Pressure and Wide Humidity

Wen

Ning

et al. 2023

Advanced Science

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Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have garnered significant attention due to their high efficiency and low emissions. However, PEMFC always suffers mass transfer and water management in performance improvement. Herein, an integrated gas diffusion layer (GDL) with wavy channel and micro‐tunneled rib is designed and prepared to achieve faster and gentler mass transfer and excellent water management capability by laser engraving. Outstandingly, the new integrated GDL can use the back pressure of air as low as 0 and 50 kPa to respectively achieve 80% and 90% of fuel cell performance realized under pure oxygen. Such high performance is mainly due to the turbulent flow caused by wavy channel and express removing pathway of liquid water provided by micro‐tunneled rib. Moreover, the new integrated GDL also shows wide humidity tolerance from 40% to 100% and a very high specific volume power density of 16,300 W L−1 due to the thin thickness of new integrated GDL. This new integrated GDL is expected to be widely used in PEMFC and other energy conversion devices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A New Integrated GDL with Wavy Channel and Tunneled Rib for High Power Density PEMFC at Low Back Pressure and Wide Humidity

Wen

Ning

et al. 2023

Advanced Science

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show abstract

“…However, in order to properly emulate the fuel cell powertrain, the power requested by the auxiliaries of the FC system must be taken into account since they have a non-negligible impact on the powertrain efficiency. These auxiliaries generally include the air compressor, the cooling pump, the hydrogen recirculating pump, etc., and according to studies available in the literature [14,44,45], they usually absorb about 10-20% of the gross power generated by the stack. However, the power consumption of these components is generally dependent on the operative conditions of the fuel cell system.…”

Section: Load Unitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Experimental Validation of a Scaled Test Bench for the Emulation of a Hybrid Fuel Cell Powertrain for Agricultural Tractors

2023

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Hybrid fuel cell powertrains are a promising strategy to reduce the environmental impact of vehicles and non-road mobile machinery. To preserve the state-of-health of fuel cells, an energy storage system with sufficient power capacity, such as ultra-capacitors or batteries, should be introduced in the system to help the fuel cell during sudden and abrupt changes in power demands. However, the presence of two or more energy sources necessitates the development of an energy management strategy. The energy management strategy should properly split the power request between the different energy sources. In this paper, the design and the experimental validation of a scaled test bench for the emulation of a fuel cell/battery powertrain for a vehicular application is presented. The fuel cell is emulated through an analogically controlled DC power source that reproduces its real voltage–current curve. To split the power between the emulated fuel cell and the batteries, controlled DC-DC is used and a simple energy management strategy based on a proportional-integral controller is developed. The external load is reproduced using a load unit composed of a programmable electronic load and a power supply. Experimental tests are performed to evaluate the system behaviour and to characterize its main components. The experimental results show that the system successfully emulates the powertrain in accordance with the proposed energy management strategy.

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“…Indeed, to effectively evaluate the system efficiency, the power absorbed by the Balance of Plant (BoP) system should be considered [22,26,33]. According to [49], the fuel cell BoP approximately absorbs around 13-19% of the power delivered by the stack. To address this issue, the power required by the BoP was added into the numerical model as an additional electrical load on the DC bus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Footprint Enhancement of an Agricultural Telehandler through the Application of a Fuel Cell Powertrain

Martini,

Mocera,

Somà

2024

WEVJ

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The growing awareness about climate change and environmental pollution is pushing the industrial and academic world to investigate more sustainable solutions to reduce the impact of anthropic activities. As a consequence, a process of electrification is involving all kind of vehicles with a view to gradually substitute traditional powertrains that emit several pollutants in the exhaust due to the combustion process. In this context, fuel cell powertrains are a more promising strategy, with respect to battery electric alternatives where productivity and endurance are crucial. It is important to replace internal combustion engines in those vehicles, such as the those in the sector of Non-Road Mobile Machinery. In the present paper, a preliminary analysis of a fuel cell powertrain for a telehandler is proposed. The analysis focused on performance, fuel economy, durability, applicability and environmental impact of the vehicle. Numerical models were built in MATLAB/Simulink and a simple power follower strategy was developed with the aim of reducing components degradation and to guarantee a charge sustaining operation. Simulations were carried out regarding both peak power conditions and a typical real work scenario. The simulations’ results showed that the fuel cell powertrain was able to achieve almost the same performances without excessive stress on its components. Indeed, a degradation analysis was conducted, showing that the fuel cell system can achieve satisfactory durability. Moreover, a Well-to-Wheel approach was adopted to evaluate the benefits, in terms of greenhouse gases, of adopting the fuel cell system. The results of the analysis demonstrated that, even if considering grey hydrogen to feed the fuel cell system, the proposed powertrain can reduce the equivalent CO2 emissions of 69%. This reduction can be further enhanced using hydrogen from cleaner production processes. The proposed preliminary analysis demonstrated that fuel cell powertrains can be a feasible solution to substitute traditional systems on off-road vehicles, even if a higher investment cost might be required.

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Experimental analysis of the performance of the air supply system in a 120 kW polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell system

Cited by 16 publications

References 44 publications

A New Integrated GDL with Wavy Channel and Tunneled Rib for High Power Density PEMFC at Low Back Pressure and Wide Humidity

A New Integrated GDL with Wavy Channel and Tunneled Rib for High Power Density PEMFC at Low Back Pressure and Wide Humidity

Design and Experimental Validation of a Scaled Test Bench for the Emulation of a Hybrid Fuel Cell Powertrain for Agricultural Tractors

Carbon Footprint Enhancement of an Agricultural Telehandler through the Application of a Fuel Cell Powertrain

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