Experimental analysis of the heat transfer generated during the operation of an automotive disc brake

León, Ricardo Andrés García; Guerrero-Gómez, G.; García, Nelson Afanador

doi:10.1080/14484846.2021.1974660

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Depending on the force applied to the pedal, the higher efficiency of the process is obtained. On the other hand, the conditions of mathematical calculations are considered suitable concerning experimental and numerical calculations [17,29]. The mathematical analysis of the brake system is associated with braking force, resistance coefficient, rolling coefficient, deceleration, pedal force, peripheral speed, dissipated energy, braking deceleration, and dissipated power that aid to obtain the thermal calculations such as rise in temperature, surface temperature, and instantaneous temperature applying Newton's cooling law.…”

Section: Mathematical Equations Applied To Disc Brakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Dynamic Maps of Disc Brakes under Different Operating Conditions

León

García

Camperos

2021

Fluids

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The operating conditions during the braking process in an automobile affect the tribological contact between the pad and disc brake, thus, influencing the times and distances of braking and, in a more significant way, the safety of the braking process. This mathematical work aimed to provide a general visualization of the disc brake’s mechanical, dynamic, and thermal behavior under different operating conditions through 2D maps of the power dissipated, braking time, and braking distance of a disc brake with a ventilation blade N- 38 type. However, the dissipated energy on the disc brake in terms of temperature was analyzed considering Newton’s cooling law and mathematical calculations through classical theories of the dynamic and mechanical behavior of the disc brakes. For this purpose, the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Distance Weighted Least Squares (DWLS) fitting model considered different operating conditions of the disc brake. The results demonstrate that the disc brakes can be used effectively in severe operational requirements with a speed of 100 km/h and an ambient temperature of 27 °C, without affecting the occupant’s safety or the braking system and the pad. For the different conditions evaluated, the instantaneous temperature reaches values of 182.48 and 82.94 °C, where the high value was found for a total deceleration to 100 km/h to 0, which represent a total braking distance of around 44.20 to 114.96 m depending on the inclination angle (θ). Furthermore, the energy dissipation in the disc brakes depends strongly on the disc, blades and pad geometry, the type of material, parameters, and the vehicle operating conditions, as can be verified with mathematical calculation to validate the contribution of the effectiveness of the braking process during its real operation.

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Section: Mathematical Equations Applied To Disc Brakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Dynamic Maps of Disc Brakes under Different Operating Conditions

León

García

Camperos

2021

Fluids

Self Cite

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“…The results show that the ratio of the diameter of the brake disc to the wheel determines the convective heat transfer characteristics on the outside surface of the brake disc. Garcia-Leon R A. et al [24] analyzed the heat transfer characteristics of typical automobile brakes, and made a comparative analysis of the heat dissipation behavior under different conditions. The results show that the heat dissipation performance of disc brakes is related to the shape, material and working conditions of the brake disc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Aerodynamic Performance and Lightweight Multiobjective Optimization Design of Wheel With Entropy Weighted Grey Relational Analysis Methods

et al. 2022

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In order to improve the aerodynamic performance and optimization efficiency while wheel lightweight designing, a multi-objective optimization design method of wheel lightweight based on entropy weighted grey relational analysis (EGRA) was proposed in this article. The aerodynamic analysis finite element model of the assembled wheel was established, and the simulation accuracy was verified by experiments. Study the distribution law of performance parameters such as pressure and turbulent kinetic energy in flow field of the car, analyze the variation law of flow field velocity and turbulent intensity in front and rear wheel cavities of the assembled wheel, and analyze the cloud diagram distribution of temperature and surface convective heat transfer coefficient of the brake disc (hc). Research on the influence of wheels with different disc structures on the aerodynamic drag coefficient of the car (Cd) and the hc. Combined with grey relational analysis (GRA) and EGRA, the objective evaluation of the comprehensive aerodynamic performance of wheels with different disc structures was given. With the design of experiments (DOEs), 12 important design variables were screened out by contribution analysis method. Using the approximate model method, combined with the RBF surrogate model, a hybrid method combining EGRA and Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) was proposed to lightweight and multi-objective optimize the assembled wheel. Comparing and analyzing the optimization platform recommending scheme, the technique for ordering preferences by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method preferring scheme and the EGRA method optimum scheme, it was found that the optimal compromise scheme was obtained by the EGRA method, the reduction of the Cd was more obvious, and the improvement rates of performance were also more balanced. After multi-objective optimization, the mass of the assembled wheel was reduced by 10.83%, the Cd was reduced by 3.47%, and the average convective heat transfer coefficient of brake disc (ha) was reduced by 8.02%. The optimized assembled wheel has a weight reduction of 32.74% compared with the same type of cast aluminum alloy wheel, which has a remarkable lightweight effect and significant reduction on the Cd.

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“…8,14 The optimum shape, number and length of cooling vanes and their advantages and disadvantages are not very apparent and are still being discussed and analysed. The number of publications addressing this problem is increasing exponentially, as indicated by Garcı´a-Leo´n et al, 15 who performed a bibliometric analysis of the thermal analysis of brake disc topics for the period from 1969 to 2021.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow behaviour in vented brake discs with straight and airfoil-shaped radial vanes

Bombek

Hribernik

2022

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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This paper presents experimentally obtained flow characteristics inside the vane passage of a vented brake disc and at the brake disc exit. The flow conditions of three different brake discs were compared: a basic design with straight vanes and two prototypes with different vane heights, shapes (airfoil shape) and numbers. The possible effect on brake disc cooling performance was studies. Hot-wire anemometry was applied to measure the pumping performance of different discs, and particle imaging velocimetry was used to map the velocity field. All three discs were tested on a brake disc dynamometer according to the SAE J2522 standard, and the maximum temperature was measured during the thermal capacity test. No prototype outperformed the original brake disc. Moreover, the brake disc with the increased vane thickness and reduced vane height (prototype C) performed significantly worse, whereas prototype B, designed with an increased vane height and increased number of vanes, performed similarly to the original brake disc. A comparison of the flow characteristics of the three discs indicated that the significant decrease in the cooling airflow rate deteriorated the cooling performance of prototype C the most. On the other hand, the improved pumping performance did not improve the cooling performance of prototype B. Only the comparison of the internal cooling air flow pattern of the original and prototype B brake discs revealed the reason. While the characteristic jet-wake flow structure formed within the vane passage of the original brake disc, the inter-vane channel flow within brake disc B was distributed much more uniformly in a circumferential direction, with significantly lower flow velocities near the pressure vane side. This reduced the convective heat transfer on the brake disc vanes, which number, as well as the heat transfer surface area increased without the desired cooling effect.

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Experimental analysis of the heat transfer generated during the operation of an automotive disc brake

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Mechanical and Dynamic Maps of Disc Brakes under Different Operating Conditions

Mechanical and Dynamic Maps of Disc Brakes under Different Operating Conditions

Study on Aerodynamic Performance and Lightweight Multiobjective Optimization Design of Wheel With Entropy Weighted Grey Relational Analysis Methods

Flow behaviour in vented brake discs with straight and airfoil-shaped radial vanes

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