Experimental achievement and signatures of ignition at the National Ignition Facility

Zylstra, A. B.; Kritcher, A. L.; Hurricane, O. A.; Callahan, D. A.; Ralph, J. E.; Casey, D. T.; Pak, A.; Landen, O. L.; Bachmann, B.; Baker, K. L.; Hopkins, L. Berzak; Bhandarkar, S. D.; Biener, Juergen; Bionta, R. M.; Birge, N.; Braun, Tom; Briggs, T. M.; Celliers, P. M.; Chen, H.; Choate, C.; Clark, Daniel; Divol, L.; Döppner, T.; Fittinghoff, D. N.; Edwards, M. J.; Johnson, M. Gatu; Gharibyan, N.; Haan, S. W.; Hahn, Kelly; Hartouni, E. P.; Hinkel, D. E.; Ho, D.; Hohenberger, M.; Holder, J. P.; Huang, H.; Izumi, N.; Jeet, Justin; Jones, O.; Kerr, S.; Khan, S. F.; Kleinrath, H. Geppert; Geppert-Kleinrath, V.; Kong, C.; Lamb, Kevin Matthew; Pape, S. Le; Lemos, N.; Lindl, J. D.; MacGowan, B. J.; Mackinnon, Andrew; MacPhee, A. G.; Marley, E. V.; Meaney, K. D.; Millot, Marius; Moore, A. S.; Newman, K.; Nicola, J.-M. G. Di; Nikroo, A.; Nora, R.; Patel, P. K.; Rice, N.; Rubery, M. S.; Sater, J.; Schlossberg, D. J.; Sepke, S. M.; Sequoia, K.; Shin, S. J.; Stadermann, Michael; Stoupin, Stanislav; Strozzi, D. J.; Thomas, C. A.; Tommasini, R.; Trosseille, C.; Tubman, Eleanor; Volegov, P. L.; Weber, Chris; Wild, C.; Woods, D. T.; Yang, S. T.; Young, C. V.

doi:10.1103/physreve.106.025202

Cited by 109 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…1(a)]. The reduced LEH diameter was first tested using a gas-filled capsule nonignition experiment N210601 [72,73], which verified improved energy coupling with adequate low-mode symmetry. A more efficient hohlraum requires less peak laser power to maintain T rad during most of the laser pulse, and the saved energy was used to extend peak laser power increasing latetime ablation pressure [see Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…N210808 imaging data (time integrated emission of neutrons and x rays centered around a photon energy of 13 keV) is shown in Fig. 1(c) and an additional detailed description of instruments and measurement methodology is given in Zylstra et al [73]. Key scalar data quantities are given in Table I.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In order to self-heat a mass of DT, some of the fusion byproducts, 4 He (α's), must be stopped by collisions in the plasma, thereby adding internal energy, which in turn increases T th , the fusion reaction rate, and the hot spot [16]. See Zylstra et al [73] for more detailed diagnostic and experiment descriptions. In order of the list, the parameters are peak laser power, total laser energy, peak hohlraum radiation temperature (calculated from the measured laser pulse using the method of Ref.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Lawson Criterion for Ignition Exceeded in an Inertial Fusion Experiment

Abu-Shawareb¹,

Acree²,

Adams³

et al. 2022

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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240

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Lawson Criterion for Ignition Exceeded in an Inertial Fusion Experiment

Abu-Shawareb¹,

Acree²,

Adams³

et al. 2022

Phys. Rev. Lett.

Self Cite

240

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“…Reaction) build on the advances in fuel, instruments, and methods that allowed the team to achieve the burning-plasma condition [4,5]. To go beyond that point, the researchers implemented a series of small, but carefully planned, changes that had a big effect on performance.…”

Section: The New Results (See Research News: Ignition First In a Fusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Today, NIF reports that they have reached another milestone in fusion research: they produced a plasma in which self-heating locally surpasses not only the external heating but also all loss mechanisms, fulfilling the By compressing and heating the target, the beams induce nuclear fusion in the pellet. Credit: National Ignition Facility so-called Lawson criterion for fusion ignition [3][4][5]. The result brings the scheme tantalizingly close to a holy grail of the field-getting fusion to produce a net energy greater than that contained in the driving laser pulses.…”

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confidence: 98%

Fusion Turns Up the Heat

Zepf

2022

Physics

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Bayesian batch optimization for molybdenum versus tungsten inertial confinement fusion double shell target design

Vazirani,

Sacks,

Haines

et al. 2024

Statistical Analysis

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Access to reliable, clean energy sources is a major concern for national security. Much research is focused on the “grand challenge” of producing energy via controlled fusion reactions in a laboratory setting. For fusion experiments, specifically inertial confinement fusion (ICF), to produce sufficient energy, the fusion reactions in the ICF fuel need to become self‐sustaining and burn deuterium‐tritium (DT) fuel efficiently. The recent record‐breaking NIF ignition shot was able to achieve this goal as well as produce more energy than used to drive the experiment. This achievement brings self‐sustaining fusion‐based power systems closer than ever before, capable of providing humans with access to secure, renewable energy. In order to further progress toward the actualization of such power systems, more ICF experiments need to be conducted at large laser facilities such as the United States's National Ignition Facility (NIF) or France's Laser Mega‐Joule. The high cost per shot and limited number of shots that are possible per year make it prohibitive to perform large numbers of experiments. As such, experimental design relies heavily on complex predictive physics simulations for high‐fidelity “preshot” analysis. These multidimensional, multi‐physics, high‐fidelity simulations have to account for a variety of input parameters as well as modeling the extreme conditions (pressures and densities) present at ignition. Such simulations (especially in 3D) can become computationally prohibitive to turn around for each ICF experiment. In this work, we explore using Bayesian optimization with Gaussian processes (GPs) to find optimal designs for ICF double shell targets, while keeping computational costs to manageable levels. These double shell targets have an inner shell that grades from beryllium on the outer surface to the higher Z material molybdenum, as opposed to the nominally used tungsten, on the inside in order to trade off between the high performance associated with high density inner shells and capsule stability. We describe our results for “capsule‐only” xRAGE simulations to study the physics between different capsule designs, inner shell materials, and potential for future experiments.

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Experimental achievement and signatures of ignition at the National Ignition Facility

Cited by 109 publications

References 51 publications

Lawson Criterion for Ignition Exceeded in an Inertial Fusion Experiment

Lawson Criterion for Ignition Exceeded in an Inertial Fusion Experiment

Fusion Turns Up the Heat

Bayesian batch optimization for molybdenum versus tungsten inertial confinement fusion double shell target design

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