Experiment of wind-driven-rain measurement on building walls and its in-situ validation

Cho, Eunsaem; Yoo, Chulsang; Kang, Minseok; Song, Sung uk; Kim, Soeun

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107269

Cited by 11 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…WDR relationships are frequently used as a tool to calculate WDR amount on building facades (Blocken et al, 2004(Blocken et al, , 2005b. In this study, the equation that has been developed by Cho et al (2020) will be referred to: Q = γ × B × H × U × R h 0.88 Equation 1where Q is the sum of rainfall over the building façade (WDR), constant γ is the WDR coefficient, B and H represent the building width (m) and height (m) respectively, U is the horizontal wind speed (m/s), Rh is the rainfall intensity (mm/hr). WDR rain equation globally is used not only to calculate WDR amount but also a wide range of Heat-Air-Moisture (HAM) transfer simulation programs (Blocken et al, 2005b) and also the European Standard Draft (CEN, 2009) have employed it in their calculation and assessment processes.…”

Section: Application Of Empirical Equation To Validate the Measured Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Constant γ in equation 1 which has been developed under lab-observations (Cho et al, 2020), is a function of time, due to its dependency on wind speed, wind direction, and also rainfall intensity (Blocken et al, 2006b), and in a real measurement it is difficult to define particular values for the aforementioned parameters. • Errors in observation are variable in time, particularly in heavy or prolonged precipitation which are main characteristics of tropical rainfall pattern; it has been illustrated in the data record of season 4 (Table 7) comprising the highest numbers of daily long-term precipitations (mostly more than one hour) and lowest R 2 value of 0.17 accordingly (Figure 16).…”

Section: Application Of Empirical Equation To Validate the Measured Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For buildings in general and residential buildings in particular, one of the most promising alternative water resources is the rainwater (Lade et al, 2015).Traditionally, the majority of researches have concentrated their studies on roof rainwater harvesting (RWH) system (Canavan, 2008;Cho et al, 2020;Dobravalskis et al, 2018). However, in urban areas with new tall buildings, the ratio of facade surface areas is much higher than the ratio of roof surface areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wind-driven rain has been studied in building science as a moisture source with potential negative effects on the building envelope. But in a recent lab and miniature building (L × W × H = 1 × 1 × 2 m3) experiment study by Cho et al (2020), it has been declared that the amount of rainwater collected from the wall could be very significant compared to the roof area however, the amount of rainwater possibly obtained by a building facade has not been investigated yet. Their study recorded a total set of 40 WDR data collection with 1hr measurement duration for each in one year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feasibility of Vertical Rainwater Harvesting via In-situ Measurement of Wind-driven Rain Loads on Building Facades in a Tropical Climate

et al. 2021

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Rainwater is an alternative water resource to fulfill sustainable management of freshwater particularly in the regions receive abundant annual amounts of precipitation such as tropical Malaysia. To collect and store rainwater, rainwater harvesting system has been practiced since ancient from horizontal surfaces mostly rooftop of buildings in urban areas. Nowadays, this method in modern urban areas with tall buildings is considered inadequate and uneconomical because the ratio of facade surface areas is much higher than the ratio of roof surface areas. On the other hand, all rain has a horizontal velocity due to wind acting upon rain droplets which is called wind-driven rain (WDR). Growing tall buildings and the presence of WDR phenomenon make building façade surfaces the available promising surfaces to harvest substantial rainwater vertically and more efficiently. This article presents a one-year field measurement results that aims at quantifying the WDR loads impinged on the vertical facade areas of a pilot building located at the main campus of the University Malaya in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Detailed descriptions of the gauge design, building, the measurements of on-site WDR, rainfall duration time, and weather data are presented. Records show that monsoon winds characteristics have significant influence on the WDR loads on the building facades compare to horizontal rainfall intensity. Finally, the collected in-situ data are exploited to validate data and determine WDR coefficient (γ) to estimate the amount of WDR on a building façade via an empirical WDR relationship. Results show the feasibility of each square meter of vertical façade area to supply 12% of non-potable or 4.9% of potable water-usage per capita per day.

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Section: Application Of Empirical Equation To Validate the Measured Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Application Of Empirical Equation To Validate the Measured Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Feasibility of Vertical Rainwater Harvesting via In-situ Measurement of Wind-driven Rain Loads on Building Facades in a Tropical Climate

et al. 2021

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“…아울러, 50 m 이상의 고층 건물의 개수 또한 전 세계적으로 증가하고 있는 추세이다 (Safarik et al, 2015;Gabel et al, 2017 (Beijer and Johansson, 1976;Hall and Kalimeris, 1982;Blocken and Carmeliet, 2012). Beijer and Johansson (1976) Cho et al (2020) (Weiss, 1977;Murrone et al, 1997;Claps et al, 2005…”

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Rainfall-runoff Analysis Method Considering the Effect of High-rise Buildings

조¹,

유²

2020

J. Korean Soc. Hazard Mitig

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In this study, a rainfall runoff process analysis method considering the effect of high-rise buildings was proposed. The proposed method was applied to the Yeoksam urban basin in Seoul. For rainfall-runoff analysis, a shot noise process based model was used to independently analyze the runoff from the wall and roof of a high-rise building. Thus, the Yeoksam urban basin was divided into 155 sub-basins for analysis. It was observed that the peak runoff increased by 22.0% in the 9-2 sub-basin. However, in a sub-basin in which the peak runoff increased by 10.0% or more due to high-rise buildings, there was no case where the increase rate of peak runoff was maintained greater than 5.0% until the next sub-basin outlet. Finally, by deriving the runoff hydrograph for the entire Yeoksam urban basin, it was observed that there was no significant difference in rainfall-runoff process, regardless of whether the building was considered. Therefore, it was concluded that the phenomenon of increase in peak runoff due to high-rise buildings occurs only in sub-basin units.

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A conceptual model for a generalized canopy parametrization for atmospheric models

Cheng

Schlünzen

2023

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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The forest canopy and the urban canopy are the two vertically most extended canopies and have a great influence on boundary‐layer processes. Many studies in the past have analyzed and discussed forest canopy effects (FCEs) and urban canopy effects (UCEs) on aerodynamics, thermodynamics, hydrology, and air quality individually. Few studies have compared them. To better understand to what extent FCEs differ from UCEs, this study carries out a qualitative assessment of FCEs and UCEs in comparison with grass‐covered surfaces. In addition, as canopy effects are represented in atmospheric models by employing canopy parametrizations, this study assesses the existing parametrizations with respect to their ability to consider the relevant canopy processes. For parametrizations being globally applicable and for multiple types of forest, urban, and forested urban canopies, it is desirable to treat both forest and urban canopies in models in a unified way. In this context, a conceptual model for a generalized canopy parametrization (GeCap) has been developed based on the assessments of this article. It focuses on the interactions between canopy characteristics, processes, and fluxes as they relate to canopy effects. GeCap can serve as a methodological framework for an integrated analysis of properties and dynamics of canopy systems and for the design of forested urban canopy parametrizations.

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Experiment of wind-driven-rain measurement on building walls and its in-situ validation

Cited by 11 publications

References 50 publications

Feasibility of Vertical Rainwater Harvesting via In-situ Measurement of Wind-driven Rain Loads on Building Facades in a Tropical Climate

Feasibility of Vertical Rainwater Harvesting via In-situ Measurement of Wind-driven Rain Loads on Building Facades in a Tropical Climate

Rainfall-runoff Analysis Method Considering the Effect of High-rise Buildings

A conceptual model for a generalized canopy parametrization for atmospheric models

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