Experiment for Regional Sources and Sinks of Oxidants (EXPRESSO): An overview

Delmas, R.; Druilhet, A.; Cros, B.; Durand, Pierre; Delon, Claire; Lacaux, Jean‐Pierre; Brustet, J. M.; Serça, D.; Affre, C.; Guenther, Alex; Greenberg, J.; Baugh, W.; Harley, P. C.; Klinger, Lee F.; Ginoux, Paul; Brasseur, Guy; Zimmerman, P. R.; Grégoire, Jean‐Marie; Janodet, E.; Tournier, A.; Perros, P.; Marion, T.; Gaudichet, A.; Cachier, H.; Ruellan, Stéphane; Masclet, P.; Cautenet, S.; Poulet, David; Biona, C. Bouka; Nganga, D.; Tathy, J. P.; Minga, A.; Loemba-Ndembi, J.; Ceccato, Pietro

doi:10.1029/1999jd900291

Cited by 66 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Despite a general north-to-south progression of fire activity that coincides with the seasonal migration of the ITCZ and associated rainfall patterns [51,60], latitudinal bands across the CAR exhibit distributions of fire seasonality. This is partly explained by massive fire fronts driven by Harmattan winds that spread from South Sudan southwest into the CAR.…”

Section: Comparisons Of Fire Seasonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, widespread fire activity in the region is considered a major driver of landscape dynamics and a significant source of atmospheric trace gasses and aerosols [23,51,52]. Second, due to geographic differences in vegetation type, landscape fragmentation and land use practices, a steep gradient of fire behavior in the CAR provides an opportunity to compare satellite-based fire products across a broad range of fire regimes but within a relatively narrow spatial domain [40].…”

Section: The Car As a Case Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Decade Long, Multi-Scale Map Comparison of Fire Regime Parameters Derived from Three Publically Available Satellite-Based Fire Products: A Case Study in the Central African Republic

2014

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Abstract:Although it is assumed that satellite-derived descriptions of fire activity will differ depending on the dataset selected for analysis, as of yet, the effects of failed and false detections at the pixel level and on an instantaneous basis have not been propagated through space and time to determine their cumulative impact on the characterization of individual fire regime parameters. Here we perform the first ever decade long, multi-scale map comparison of fire chronologies and fire seasonality derived from three publicly available satellite-based fire products: the MODIS active fire product (MCD14ML), the ATSR nighttime World Fire Atlas (WFA), and the MODIS burned area product (MCD45A1). Results indicate that: (i) the agreement between fire chronologies derived from two dissimilar satellite products improves as fire pixels are aggregated into coarser grid cells, but diminishes as the number of years included in the time series increases; and (ii) all three datasets provide distinctly different portraits of the onset, peak, and duration of the fire season regardless of the map resolution. Differences in regional, long-term fire regime parameters derived from the three datasets are attributed to the unique capability of each sensor and detection algorithm to recognize geographical gradients, seasonal oscillations, decadal trends, and interannual variability in active fire characteristics and OPEN ACCESSRemote Sens. 2014, 6 4062 burned area patterns. Since different satellite sensors and detection algorithm strategies are sensitive to different types of fires, we demonstrate that disagreements in fire regime maps derived from dissimilar satellite-based fire products can be used as an advantage to highlight spatial and temporal transitions in landscape fire activity. Given access to multiple, publically available datasets, we caution against describing fire regimes using a single satellite-based active fire or burned area product.

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Section: Comparisons Of Fire Seasonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Car As a Case Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

A Decade Long, Multi-Scale Map Comparison of Fire Regime Parameters Derived from Three Publically Available Satellite-Based Fire Products: A Case Study in the Central African Republic

2014

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“…Otherwise measurements during the dry season have been made around the Ivory Coast as part of TROPOZ (December 1987, January 1991 (Jonquieres et al, 1998) and DECAFE (January 1991) (Delmas et al, 1995), and from Niamey as part of AMMA DABEX (January and February 2006). Other measurements in Central and Southern Africa have also focussed on the dry season when there is widespread biomass burning Delmas et al, 1999;Fontan et al, 1992). Figure 28 shows the flight tracks of most of the AMMA 2006 monsoon chemistry flights made by the BAe-146, the DLR Falcon, the French Falcon and the M55 aircraft between 20 July and 21 August plotted as a function of latitude and altitude and coloured by the O 3 concentration.…”

Section: Saharan Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-scale overview of the summer monsoon over West Africa during the AMMA field experiment in 2006

Janicot¹,

Thorncroft

Ali³

et al. 2008

Ann. Geophys.

192

182

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Abstract. The AMMA (African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis) program is dedicated to providing a better understanding of the West African monsoon and its influence on the physical, chemical and biological environment regionally and globally, as well as relating variability of this monsoon system to issues of health, water resources, food security and demography for West African nations. Within this framework, an intensive field campaign took place during the summer of 2006 to better document specific processes and weather systems at various key stages of this monsoon season. This campaign was embedded within a longer observation period that documented the annual cycle of surface and atmospheric conditions between 2005 and 2007. The present paper provides a large and regional scale overview of the 2006 summer monsoon season, that includes consideration of of the convective activity, mean atmospheric circuCorrespondence to: S. Janicot (serge.janicot@locean-ipsl.upmc.fr) lation and synoptic/intraseasonal weather systems, oceanic and land surface conditions, continental hydrology, dust concentration and ozone distribution. The 2006 African summer monsoon was a near-normal rainy season except for a large-scale rainfall excess north of 15 • N. This monsoon season was also characterized by a 10-day delayed onset compared to climatology, with convection becoming developed only after 10 July. This onset delay impacted the continental hydrology, soil moisture and vegetation dynamics as well as dust emission. More details of some less-well-known atmospheric features in the African monsoon at intraseasonal and synoptic scales are provided in order to promote future research in these areas.

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“…Most recently, a detailed study (SMOCC: Smoke Aerosols, Clouds, Rainfall and Climate) was performed to elucidate the interactions between aerosols, cloud microphysics and precipitation over Amazonia . Similar projects, dealing with the influence of biomass burning on the composition of the PBL, have been carried out over the rain forest in central Africa (Delmas et al, 1999;Lacaux et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal distribution of atmospheric aerosols in the lowermost troposphere over the Amazonian tropical rainforest

Krejčí

Ström²,

Reus³

et al. 2005

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. We present measurements of aerosol physicochemical properties below 5 km altitude over the tropical rain forest and the marine boundary layer (MBL) obtained during the LBA-CLAIRE 1998 project. The MBL aerosol size distribution some 50-100 km of the coast of French Guyana and Suriname showed a bi-modal shape typical of aged and cloud processed aerosol. The average particle number density in the MBL was 383 cm −3 . The daytime mixed layer height over the rain forest for undisturbed conditions was estimated to be between 1200-1500 m. During the morning hours the height of the mixed layer increased by 144-180 m h −1 . The median daytime aerosol number density in the mixed layer increased from 450 cm −3 in the morning to almost 800 cm −3 in the late afternoon. The evolution of the aerosol size distribution in the daytime mixed layer over the rain forest showed two distinct patterns. Between dawn and midday, the Aitken mode particle concentrations increased, whereas later during the day, a sharp increase of the accumulation mode aerosol number densities was observed, resulting in a doubling of the morning accumulation mode concentrations from 150 cm −3 to 300 cm −3 . Potential sources of the Aitken mode particles are discussed here including the rapid growth of ultrafine aerosol particles formed aloft and subsequently entrained into the mixed layer, as well as the contribution of emissions from the tropical vegetation to Aitken mode number densities. The observed increase of the accumulation mode aerosol number densities is attributed to the combined effect of: the direct emissions of primary biogenic particles from the rain forest and aerosol in-cloud processing by shallow convective clouds. Based on the similarities among the number densities, the size distributions and the composition of the aerosol in the MBL and the nocturnal residual layer we propose that the air originating in the Correspondence to: R. Krejci (radek@misu.su.se) MBL is transported above the nocturnal mixed layer up to 300-400 km inland over the rain forest by night without significant processing.

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Experiment for Regional Sources and Sinks of Oxidants (EXPRESSO): An overview

Cited by 66 publications

References 35 publications

A Decade Long, Multi-Scale Map Comparison of Fire Regime Parameters Derived from Three Publically Available Satellite-Based Fire Products: A Case Study in the Central African Republic

A Decade Long, Multi-Scale Map Comparison of Fire Regime Parameters Derived from Three Publically Available Satellite-Based Fire Products: A Case Study in the Central African Republic

Large-scale overview of the summer monsoon over West Africa during the AMMA field experiment in 2006

Spatial and temporal distribution of atmospheric aerosols in the lowermost troposphere over the Amazonian tropical rainforest

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