Experiment and simulation of the fabrication process of lithium-ion battery cathodes for determining microstructure and mechanical properties

Forouzan, Mehdi M.; Chao, Chien-Wei; Bustamante, Danilo; Mazzeo, Brian A.; Wheeler, Dean R.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.02.014

Cited by 102 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Electrode drying has been the subject of intense experimental research in recent years [5,6,9,18,19,12,20,21,22] and a consensus has developed that changes to the drying process parameters (temperature, air-flow, pressure and radiation intensity) significantly affect the final electrode microstructure and hence the electrochemical and mechanical properties of the electrode. High temperatures and drying rates have been observed to lead to accumulation of binder at the evaporation surface and corresponding depletion close to the current collector [5,9,19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binder migration during drying of lithium-ion battery electrodes: Modelling and comparison to experiment

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Richardson

et al. 2018

Journal of Power Sources

131

138

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The drying process is a crucial step in electrode manufacture that may lead to spatial inhomogeneities in the distribution of the electrode components resulting in impaired cell performance. Binder migration during the drying process, and the ensuing poor binder coverage in certain regions of the electrode, can lead to capacity fade and mechanical failure (e.g. electrode delamination from the current collector). A mathematical model of electrode drying is presented which tracks the evolution of the binder distribution, and is applicable in the relatively high drying rates encountered in industrial electrode manufacture. The model predicts that constant low drying rates lead to a favourable homogeneous binder profiles, whereas constant high drying rates are unfavourable and result in accumulation of binder near the evaporation surface and depletion near the current collector. These results show strong qualitative agreement with experimental observations and provide a cogent explanation for why fast drying conditions result in poorly performing electrodes. Finally, a scheme is detailed for optimisation of a time-varying drying procedure that allows for short drying times whilst simultaneously ensuring a close to homogeneous binder distribution throughout the electrode.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binder migration during drying of lithium-ion battery electrodes: Modelling and comparison to experiment

Font

Protas

Richardson

et al. 2018

Journal of Power Sources

131

138

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“…The investigation of the influence of CB on the electrode structure has been mostly approached via diverse simulation methods. A mesoscale particle dynamics simulation was carried out by Forouzan et al to connect the drying process with resulting microstructures of cathodes. The shrinkage ratio during drying highly affects the particle rearrangement and, hence, the structure and properties of electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Carbon Black Dispersing Process on the Microstructure and Performance of Li‐Ion Battery Cathodes

et al. 2019

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The influence of the dispersion process and the carbon black (CB) particle size on the resulting structure and, hence, on the properties of lithium‐ion battery cathodes is investigated. N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone‐based cathode slurries with 95.5 wt% LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 normalO 2 (NCM622) and a high mass content (82.5 wt%) are processed in a planetary mixer PMH10 from NETZSCH with varying high‐speed stirrer tip speeds. Particle size analyses are carried out to measure the CB particle size at different time steps of the dispersion process. The resulting cathodes are characterized to determine mechanical and electrical properties. The microstructure of chosen electrodes is reconstructed and quantified by focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy tomography and correlated with experimental data. In addition, discrete element method simulations are used for a deeper understanding of the dispersion process and breakage of CB aggregates. Correlations between process, structure, and properties of lithium‐ion battery cathodes are revealed.

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“…However, due to the homogeneous model structure, the complex influence of the ECA network cannot be addressed in detail. The 3D microstructure models can be based on artificial structures or can reconstruct structures from, e.g., focused ion beam (FIB) scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images . The latter is limited by difficulties to capture the ECA network and yet has only been applied to LIBs with liquid electrolytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Influence of Mixing Strategies on Microstructural Properties of All‐Solid‐State Electrodes

et al. 2019

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All‐solid‐state batteries currently have the disadvantage of low conductivity of the solid electrolytes (SEs) at room temperature and have issues with nonutilized active material (AM) and high reaction overpotentials due to a low SE/AM interface area. These limitations are partially due to the material properties because of the complex, yet nonoptimal production process. Therefore, a model‐based investigation of the influence of microstructural properties on the electronic and ionic conductivities of all‐solid‐state electrodes is conducted. The objective of this work is to highlight the optimization potential of the mixing and premixing of AM, SE, and conducting additive. The results show that the premixing of AM and conducting additives increases the effective electronic conductivity compared with that of the nonpremixed electrodes. It allows a significantly lower additive volume fraction as the percolation threshold of the conducting additive network reaches earlier. Conducting additives are shown to decrease the effective ionic conductivity by increasing the tortuosity of the microstructures, an effect which can be reduced by premixing the conducting additive and SE.

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Experiment and simulation of the fabrication process of lithium-ion battery cathodes for determining microstructure and mechanical properties

Cited by 102 publications

References 56 publications

Binder migration during drying of lithium-ion battery electrodes: Modelling and comparison to experiment

Binder migration during drying of lithium-ion battery electrodes: Modelling and comparison to experiment

Influence of the Carbon Black Dispersing Process on the Microstructure and Performance of Li‐Ion Battery Cathodes

Modeling the Influence of Mixing Strategies on Microstructural Properties of All‐Solid‐State Electrodes

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