Experiencing the full bandwidth of energy from exploration to production with the art of BroadSeis

Firth, Jo; Horstad, I.; Schakel, Menne

doi:10.3997/1365-2397.32.6.76698

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…The data recording extends down to 9 s with a time sampling of 4 ms. The data covers a broad range of frequencies reaching from 2.5 to 155 Hz (Firth et al, 2014). The binning size was 12.5 × 18.75 m. The seismic volume was zero-phase processed with SEG normal polarity, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principal component analysis of seismic facies

Wrona¹,

Pan²,

Bell³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Seismic facies analyses are fundamental to the study of sedimentary, tectonic and magmatic systems using seismic reflection data. These analyses generally assume that seismic facies are: (1) well defined, (2) distinct and (3) prevalent patterns in the data. Here, we examine these assumptions critically. First, we demonstrate how to extract the main seismic facies from conventional industry seismic reflection data using principal component analysis. Applying principle component analysis on a large number (up to 1 000 000) of windows (150×150 samples) reveals typical seismic facies showing: (1) horizontal, (2) dipping, (3) displaced and (4) crisscrossing reflections. These seismic facies are distinct in the sense that the principal components are orthogonal to one another, i.e. we cannot express any one component as a linear combination of the others. Next, we show that a small number of seismic facies (100) can explain most of the variance in the data (>0.6); an assumption that is critical to seismic facies analyses. Lastly, we show a simple way to map these facies across a seismic section.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principal component analysis of seismic facies

Wrona¹,

Pan²,

Bell³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Simultaneous prestack inversion of variable-depth streamer seismic data

Zhang¹,

Xuan²,

Deng³

2019

Appl. Geophys.

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Marine, seabed, and land seismic equipment for broadband acquisition: a review

Mougenot¹

2017

Geophysical Prospecting

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The broadband capabilities of marine, seabed, and land seismic equipment are reviewed with respect to both the source and the receiver sides. In marine acquisition, the main issue at both ends of the spectrum relates to ghosts occurring at the sea surface. Broadband deghosting requires towing at variable depth to introduce notch diversity or using new equipment like multi‐component and/or low‐noise streamers. As a result, a doubling of the bandwidth from about three to six octaves (2.5–200 Hz) has been achieved. Such improvement is not yet observed for seabed surveys in spite of deghosting being a standard process on the receiver side. One issue may be related to the coupling of the particle motion sensor, particularly at high frequencies. For land acquisition, progress came from the vibrators. New shakers and control electronics using broadband sweeps made it possible to add two more octaves to the low‐frequency signal (from 8 to 2 Hz). Whereas conventional 10 Hz geophones are still able to record such low frequencies, 5 Hz high gain geophones or digital accelerometers enhance them to keep the signal above the noise floor. On the high end of the bandwidth, progress is not limited by equipment specifications. Here, the issue is related to a low signal‐to‐noise ratio due to the strong absorption that occurs during signal propagation. To succeed in enlarging the bandwidth, these improved equipment and sweeps must be complemented by a denser spatial sampling of the wavefield by point–source and point–receiver acquisition.

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Experiencing the full bandwidth of energy from exploration to production with the art of BroadSeis

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Principal component analysis of seismic facies

Principal component analysis of seismic facies

Simultaneous prestack inversion of variable-depth streamer seismic data

Marine, seabed, and land seismic equipment for broadband acquisition: a review

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