Experiences with 99mTc-HMPAO in a Diagnostic Pathway for Violent Patients with Schizophrenic Spectrum Disorders

Jacobsen, Morten; Jensen, Arvid; Storvestre, Guttorm Breivik; Bergstrom, Tone Marie; Rashi, Diyar Nori Mohamad; Nielssen, Bjørn Einar; Wiktor, Pal; Hymer, Knut-Erik

doi:10.2174/1874471010666170621122221

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…A [ 99m Tc] HMPAO SPECT study examined 20 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) and a history of severe violence and nine non-violent SSD subjects without a history of violence as a comparison group [ 64 ]. Violent patients who had HCR-20 (historical/clinical/risk) [ 65 ] scores above 20 showed reduced accrual of [ 99m Tc] HMPAO in left temporal lobes.…”

Section: Spect and Pet Studies Of Aggressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography and Positron Emission Tomography Studies of Antisocial Personality Disorder and Aggression: a Targeted Review

Kolla

Houle

2019

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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Purpose of Review This paper aims to provide a comprehensive discussion of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) studies of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and aggression. Recent Findings Among ASPD males with high impulsivity, the density of brainstem serotonin (5-HT) transporters shows a relationship with impulsivity, aggression, and ratings of childhood trauma. 5-HT 1B receptor (R) binding in the striatum, anterior cingulate cortex, and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) correlated with anger, aggression, and psychopathic traits in another study of violent offenders, most of whom were diagnosed with ASPD. Finally, the density of monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A), a mitochondrial enzyme that degrades 5-HT, norepinephrine, and dopamine (DA), was reported as lower in the OFC and ventral striatum of ASPD. Among non-clinical populations, 5-HT 4 R binding, as an index of low cerebral 5-HT levels, has been associated with high trait aggression, but only in males. Furthermore, evidence suggests that individuals with high-activity MAO-A genetic variants compared with low-activity MAO-A allelic variants release more DA in the ventral caudate and putamen when exposed to violent imagery. Summary There are very few PET or SPECT studies that exclusively sample individuals with ASPD. However, among ASPD samples, there is evidence of regional serotonergic abnormalities in the brain and alteration of neural MAO-A levels. Future studies should consider employing additional molecular probes that could target alternative neurotransmitter systems to investigate ASPD. Furthermore, examining different typologies of aggression in clinical and non-clinical populations using SPECT/PET is another important area to pursue and could shed light on the neurochemical origins of these traits in ASPD.

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Section: Spect and Pet Studies Of Aggressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography and Positron Emission Tomography Studies of Antisocial Personality Disorder and Aggression: a Targeted Review

Kolla

Houle

2019

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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“…Regional cerebral blood flow represents the amount of blow flow to a specific region of the brain in a predetermined time [11]. Considering the fact that various pathological processes in the brain originate from alterations in cerebral blood perfusion, the diagnostic capabilities of 99m Tc-d,l-HMPAO is of particular importance in early detection of neurocognitive disorders such as schizophrenia [12], major depressive disorder [13], epilepsy [14], migraine [15], meningioma [16], and Alzheimer's [17]. 99m Tc-d,l-HMPAO SPECT (single-photon emission computed tomography) is considered to be one of the most reliable scintographic studies and imaging methods in early diagnosis of dementia [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kit formulation of active pharmaceutical ingredient d,l-HMPAO as a brain perfusion diagnostic system

2019

Prog. Chem. Biochem. Res.

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The purpose of this research study is to prepare exametazime (d,l-HMPAO) kit for labeling with 99m-technetium radionuclide as a brain perfusion diagnostic system. Firstly, the active pharmaceutical ingredient d,l-HMPAO was prepared in two steps with the purity of 99.29 %. Its molecular structure was characterized using elemental analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. In second step, the d,l-HMPAO kit was prepared using six different formulations and labeled by technetium-99m radionuclide. The high radiochemical yield was attributed to the high amount of SnCl2 and adding phosphate buffer. The animal studies were conducted on the three-month old male Wistar rats. The results of the biodistribution studies revealed that, the mean activity in brain of all rats was above 1% ID/g. This showed the high isomerism purity of the synthesized compound (d,l-HMPAO) and optimization of the suggested formulations. K E Y W O R D S Exametazime HMPAO Kit Formulation Nuclear medicine Radiopharmaceutical Technetium-99m radionuclide Mohammadreza Davarpanah et.al Prog. Chem. Biochem. Res.

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Experiences with 99mTc-HMPAO in a Diagnostic Pathway for Violent Patients with Schizophrenic Spectrum Disorders

Cited by 2 publications

References 32 publications

Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography and Positron Emission Tomography Studies of Antisocial Personality Disorder and Aggression: a Targeted Review

Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography and Positron Emission Tomography Studies of Antisocial Personality Disorder and Aggression: a Targeted Review

Kit formulation of active pharmaceutical ingredient d,l-HMPAO as a brain perfusion diagnostic system

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