Experiences of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Policing in England and Wales: Surveying Police and the Autism Community

Crane, Laura; Maras, Katie; Hawken, Tamsyn; Mulcahy, Sue; Memon, Amina

doi:10.1007/s10803-016-2729-1

Cited by 98 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This could be particularly relevant if the person's autism diagnosis is not disclosed to the jury. Indeed, many witnesses and defendants may be reluctant to share information about their autism diagnosis with criminal justice processionals, for example, due to concerns about justice professionals' perceived lack of autism of knowledge and awareness (e.g., Crane et al 2016) or fears that their diagnosis may count against them (e.g., Cooper and Allely 2017). It is, therefore, vital to examine the effects of providing jurors with knowledge of a witness' autism diagnosis, with or without the provision of additional information about the key characteristics of autism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mock Juror Perceptions of Child Witnesses on the Autism Spectrum: The Impact of Providing Diagnostic Labels and Information About Autism

Crane

Wilcock

Maras

et al. 2018

J Autism Dev Disord

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Research suggests that autistic children can provide accurate and forensically useful eyewitness evidence. However, members of a jury also rely on non-verbal behaviours when judging the credibility of a witness, and this could determine the verdict of a case. We presented mock jurors with videos (from an experimental study) of one of two child witnesses on the autism spectrum being interviewed about a mock minor crime. Results demonstrated that providing jurors with generic information about autism and/or informing them of the child's diagnostic label differentially affected credibility ratings, but not for both children. Implications for how to present information about child witnesses with autism to a jury-highlighting the need for approaches tailored to individual children-are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mock Juror Perceptions of Child Witnesses on the Autism Spectrum: The Impact of Providing Diagnostic Labels and Information About Autism

Crane

Wilcock

Maras

et al. 2018

J Autism Dev Disord

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“…This point raises a number of questions to consider, as previous research in the criminal justice field has suggested that autistic people are not always likely to disclose their diagnosis to professionals in that context (Crane et al, 2016). Many of our participants noted that they had little or no training or experience in identifying or dealing with cases involving autism.…”

Section: Practitioners' Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 83%

Legal professionals’ knowledge and experience of autistic adults in the family justice system

George

Crane

Bingham

et al. 2018

Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law

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Access to justice is a key theme in the family justice system, especially for those with particular vulnerabilities. Autism, a development condition characterised by difficulties in social communication and interaction, and the presence of rigid, repetitive behaviours, presents particular challenges in this area. This paper reports the findings of a mixed-methods study with legal professionals working in the family justice system, asking about their knowledge of autism, their perceived self-efficacy when working with autistic clients, and their experience of cases involving autistic litigants. The study reports high levels of knowledge, but low levels of confidence, by legal professionals (N=204), and addresses the experiences of particular cases in follow-up discussions (N=10). The paper concludes by making a series of recommendations for legal professionals to assist autistic people to engage fully in family court proceedings.

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“…Parents are initially concerned about social development, but they also have worries about general delays and other specific problems (20,21). In addition, many of them have to wait a long time for diagnostic confirmation (22,23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the frequency and characteristics of children diagnosed with autistic disorder in two Norwegian cohorts: 1992 and 2009

Romhus

Herder

Grindheim

et al. 2017

Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology

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Background: Is the increasing prevalence of autistic disorder (AD) a well-documented trend or merely a reflection of the wider recognition of AD among both the public at large and health care professionals? Data from relevant studies are frequently compromised by comparisons of different sites and different diagnostic methods. Objectives: To explore changes over time, we reviewed the following: 1) the frequency of AD diagnoses; 2) the characteristics of the diagnosed children; and 3) the ages of the children when initial concerns were addressed and AD diagnoses made. Method: We compared the case records of children between the ages of 1 and 17 years who were residing in Nordland County, Norway, and who were diagnosed with AD during two different data collection periods: 1992 (Cohort 1) and 2009 (Cohort 2). Results: In Cohort 1, 28 children were diagnosed with AD; 71 children in Cohort 2 received AD diagnoses. The increase was greatest among children with intelligence quotient (IQ) values of at least 70. The proportion of children with genetic syndromes was around 20% in both cohorts. Median age at AD diagnosis did not differ between the two cohorts (4.5 vs. 5.0 years, respectively). When the two cohorts were combined, children with IQ values of 70 or more without a genetic syndrome and those with IQ values of less than 50 with genetic syndromes were diagnosed at approximately the same age (5.5 and 5.3 years, respectively). Both groups were significantly older at diagnosis as compared with children with IQ values of less than 50 without genetic syndromes (3.5 years). Conclusions:The increase in the number of children diagnosed with AD is consistent with findings from international studies. Contrary to predictions, the age at diagnosis was not reduced over time. A higher proportion of children with IQ values in the average range in the latter cohort may have contributed to this. A delayed diagnosis of AD among children with genetic syndromes may indicate that early autism symptoms are attributed to the genetic condition. Clinical implications are discussed.

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Experiences of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Policing in England and Wales: Surveying Police and the Autism Community

Cited by 98 publications

References 23 publications

Mock Juror Perceptions of Child Witnesses on the Autism Spectrum: The Impact of Providing Diagnostic Labels and Information About Autism

Mock Juror Perceptions of Child Witnesses on the Autism Spectrum: The Impact of Providing Diagnostic Labels and Information About Autism

Legal professionals’ knowledge and experience of autistic adults in the family justice system

Changes in the frequency and characteristics of children diagnosed with autistic disorder in two Norwegian cohorts: 1992 and 2009

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